महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-13, verse-62

तेन रुद्धा हि राजानः सर्वे जित्वा गिरिव्रजे ।
कन्दरायां गिरीन्द्रस्य सिंहेनेव महाद्विपाः ॥६२॥

62. tena ruddhā hi rājānaḥ sarve jitvā girivraje ,
kandarāyāṁ girīndrasya siṁheneva mahādvipāḥ.

62. tena ruddhāḥ hi rājānaḥ sarve jitvā girivraje
kandarāyām giriīndrasya siṃhena iva mahādviīpāḥ

62. Indeed, all those kings, having been conquered by him in Girivraja, are imprisoned in a mountain cave, just as mighty elephants are (imprisoned) by a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by Jarāsandha (by him, by that)

• रुद्धाः (ruddhāḥ) - imprisoned, stopped, obstructed

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• सर्वे (sarve) - all those (kings) (all, everyone)

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having won

• गिरिव्रजे (girivraje) - in the capital city of Jarāsandha (in Girivraja (name of a city))

• कन्दरायाम् (kandarāyām) - in a mountain cave (in a cave)

• गिरिईन्द्रस्य (giriīndrasya) - of a great mountain (of the king of mountains)

• सिंहेन (siṁhena) - by a lion

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• महाद्विईपाः (mahādviīpāḥ) - great elephants, powerful elephants

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by Jarāsandha (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Agent in passive construction.

रुद्धाः (ruddhāḥ) - imprisoned, stopped, obstructed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ruddha

ruddha - imprisoned, confined, stopped, obstructed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √rudh (to obstruct, to stop, to imprison) with suffix -ta.

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Agrees with rājānaḥ.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, monarch

Note: Subject of the implied verb (e.g., 'are').

सर्वे (sarve) - all those (kings) (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with rājānaḥ.

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having won

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √ji (to conquer, to win) with suffix -tvā.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Refers to the agent tena (Jarāsandha).

गिरिव्रजे (girivraje) - in the capital city of Jarāsandha (in Girivraja (name of a city))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of girivraja

girivraja - Girivraja (name of a city, capital of Magadha)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+vraja)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• vraja – enclosure, stable, herd, pasture
  noun (masculine)
  From √vraj (to go)
  Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Place where the conquering occurred.

कन्दरायाम् (kandarāyām) - in a mountain cave (in a cave)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kandarā

kandarā - cave, cavern

Note: Place of imprisonment.

गिरिईन्द्रस्य (giriīndrasya) - of a great mountain (of the king of mountains)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of giriīndra

giriīndra - king of mountains, a great mountain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+indra)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king (often used as suffix for 'chief of')
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, modifying kandarāyām.

सिंहेन (siṁhena) - by a lion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: Agent in the simile.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for comparison.

महाद्विईपाः (mahādviīpāḥ) - great elephants, powerful elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahādviīpa

mahādviīpa - great elephant, mighty elephant

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+dviīpa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• dviīpa – elephant (lit. 'drinker of two', from its trunk and mouth), island
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb in the simile.