महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-13, verse-41

विना हंसेन लोकेऽस्मिन्नाहं जीवितुमुत्सहे ।
इत्येतां मतिमास्थाय डिभको निधनं गतः ॥४१॥

41. vinā haṁsena loke'sminnāhaṁ jīvitumutsahe ,
ityetāṁ matimāsthāya ḍibhako nidhanaṁ gataḥ.

41. vinā haṃsena loke asmin na aham jīvitum utsahe
| iti etām matim āsthāya ḍibhakaḥ nidhanam gataḥ

41. “Without Haṃsa, I cannot bear to live in this world.” Having adopted this resolve, Diṃbhaka died.

Words meanings summery:

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• हंसेन (haṁsena) - by Haṃsa

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• न (na) - not

• अहम् (aham) - I

• जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live, in order to live

• उत्सहे (utsahe) - I dare, I am able, I venture

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying (marks direct speech)

• एताम् (etām) - this

• मतिम् (matim) - thought, intention, resolve

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted, having taken up, having resorted to

• डिभकः (ḍibhakaḥ) - Diṃbhaka

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction

• गतः (gataḥ) - attained death, died (gone, reached, attained)

Words meanings and morphology

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

हंसेन (haṁsena) - by Haṃsa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of haṃsa

haṁsa - Haṃsa (a proper name); swan, goose

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, division of the universe

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with 'loke'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live, in order to live

(verb)

infinitive of jīv

infinitive

Infinitive form of the verb 'jīv' (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

उत्सहे (utsahe) - I dare, I am able, I venture

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sah

Present tense, first person singular, middle voice.

Prefix: ud

Root: sah (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)

एताम् (etām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'matim'.

मतिम् (matim) - thought, intention, resolve

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, thought, intelligence, opinion, resolve

Derived from verb root 'man' (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted, having taken up, having resorted to

(indeclinable)

gerund (absolutive)

Absolutive form of the verb 'sthā' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

डिभकः (ḍibhakaḥ) - Diṃbhaka

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ḍibhaka

ḍibhaka - Diṃbhaka (a proper name)

निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, end, loss

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

गतः (gataḥ) - attained death, died (gone, reached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gam

gam - to go, move, attain

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the verb 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)