महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-13, verse-44

ततो वयममित्रघ्न तस्मिन्प्रतिगते नृपे ।
पुनरानन्दिताः सर्वे मथुरायां वसामहे ॥४४॥

44. tato vayamamitraghna tasminpratigate nṛpe ,
punarānanditāḥ sarve mathurāyāṁ vasāmahe.

44. tataḥ vayam amitraghna tasmin pratigate nṛpe
| punaḥ ānanditāḥ sarve mathurāyām vasāmahe

44. O slayer of enemies, then, after that king had departed, all of us, gladdened once again, reside in Mathurā.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• अमित्रघ्न (amitraghna) - O slayer of enemies

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (in that, upon that (masculine/neuter))

• प्रतिगते (pratigate) - returned, departed, gone back

• नृपे (nṛpe) - king

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, back

• आनन्दिताः (ānanditāḥ) - gladdened, made happy, rejoiced

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• मथुरायाम् (mathurāyām) - in Mathurā (a city)

• वसामहे (vasāmahe) - we reside, we dwell

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

(indeclinable)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

अमित्रघ्न (amitraghna) - O slayer of enemies

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of amitraghna

amitraghna - slayer of enemies, foe-killer

Compound of 'amitra' (enemy) and 'ghna' (slayer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amitra+ghna)

• amitra – enemy, not a friend
  noun (masculine)
  Negation compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'mitra' (friend).
• ghna – slaying, destroying, killer
  adjective
  Derived from the verb root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used as an address to the listener.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (in that, upon that (masculine/neuter))

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'pratigate nṛpe'.

प्रतिगते (pratigate) - returned, departed, gone back

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gam

gam - to go, move

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: gam (class 1)

नृपे (nṛpe) - king

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. 'protector of men')

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, back

(indeclinable)

आनन्दिताः (ānanditāḥ) - gladdened, made happy, rejoiced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ānandita

ānandita - delighted, gladdened, rejoiced, made happy

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the verb 'nand' (to rejoice) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vayam' and 'sarve'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'vayam'.

मथुरायाम् (mathurāyām) - in Mathurā (a city)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mathurā

mathurā - Mathurā (an ancient city in India, Krishna's birthplace)

वसामहे (vasāmahe) - we reside, we dwell

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vas

Present tense, first person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: vas (class 1)