महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-13, verse-50

पुनर्निवेशनं तस्यां कृतवन्तो वयं नृप ।
तथैव दुर्गसंस्कारं देवैरपि दुरासदम् ॥५०॥

50. punarniveśanaṁ tasyāṁ kṛtavanto vayaṁ nṛpa ,
tathaiva durgasaṁskāraṁ devairapi durāsadam.

50. punaḥ niveśanam tasyām kṛtavantaḥ vayam nṛpa
tathā eva durgasaṃskāram devaiḥ api durāsadam

50. O King, we re-established our settlement in that city and similarly constructed fortifications (saṃskāra) that were impregnable even for the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - settlement, dwelling, re-establishment

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that city (Kuśasthalī) (in that (city))

• कृतवन्तः (kṛtavantaḥ) - we made, we established (lit. 'having done')

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just so

• दुर्गसंस्कारम् (durgasaṁskāram) - fortification, strengthening of the fort

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

• अपि (api) - even, also

• दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to approach, impregnable, inaccessible

Words meanings and morphology

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - settlement, dwelling, re-establishment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niveśana

niveśana - settlement, dwelling, re-establishment, entrance

nominalization of causative of 'viś'

Derived from root 'viś' (to enter) with prefix 'ni-' and suffix '-ana' for nominalization.

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Object of kṛtavantaḥ.

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that city (Kuśasthalī) (in that (city))

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to Kuśasthalī (purīm).

कृतवन्तः (kṛtavantaḥ) - we made, we established (lit. 'having done')

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - having done, performed

Past Active Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with suffix '-tavat' for past active participle.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with vayam.

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of the sentence.

नृप (nṛpa) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: In the phrase tathā eva.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just so

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'similarly'.

दुर्गसंस्कारम् (durgasaṁskāram) - fortification, strengthening of the fort

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durgasaṃskāra

durgasaṁskāra - fortification, embellishment/refinement of a fort

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (durga+saṃskāra)

• durga – fort, stronghold, difficult to access
  noun (masculine)
  From 'dur' (difficult) and 'ga' (going).
• saṃskāra – preparation, refinement, consecration, purification, mental impression
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sam' + 'kṛ' with suffix 'ghañ'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of kṛtavantaḥ.

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Agent of durāsadam.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'even by gods'.

दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to approach, impregnable, inaccessible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, inaccessible, impregnable

Compound of 'dur-' (difficult) and 'āsada' (approachable).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+āsada)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
• āsada – approachable, accessible
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ā-sad' (to approach).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies durgasaṃskāram.