महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-13, verse-54

त्रियोजनायतं सद्म त्रिस्कन्धं योजनादधि ।
योजनान्ते शतद्वारं विक्रमक्रमतोरणम् ।
अष्टादशावरैर्नद्धं क्षत्रियैर्युद्धदुर्मदैः ॥५४॥

54. triyojanāyataṁ sadma triskandhaṁ yojanādadhi ,
yojanānte śatadvāraṁ vikramakramatoraṇam ,
aṣṭādaśāvarairnaddhaṁ kṣatriyairyuddhadurmadaiḥ.

54. trijojanāyatam sadma triskandham
yojanāt adhi yojanānte śatadvāram
vikramakramatoraṇam aṣṭādaśa avaraiḥ
naddham kṣatriyaiḥ yuddhadurmadaiḥ

54. The abode (sadma) is three yojanas long, three-storied, and more than a yojana tall. It has a hundred gates at a distance of one yojana, with archways marking valorous steps. It is fortified by no fewer than eighteen warriors (kṣatriyas) who are fiercely proud in battle.

54. ארמון באורך שלושה יוֹג׳ַנַה, בעל שלושה גושים, ויותר מיוֹג׳ַנַה אחד, ובקצה יוֹג׳ַנַה מאה שערים, ושערי כניסה בצורת דרכי גבורה. הוא מוקף בשמונה עשר לוחמים צעירים ממעמד הלוחמים, מתרברבים בקרב.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रिजोजनायतम् (trijojanāyatam) - three yojanas long

• सद्म (sadma) - palace, fortress (abode, dwelling, palace, house)

• त्रिस्कन्धम् (triskandham) - three-storied (referring to a building) (three-storied, having three branches/parts)

• योजनात् (yojanāt) - from a yojana

• अधि (adhi) - more than (with ablative) (above, over, upon, superior to, beyond)

• योजनान्ते (yojanānte) - at the end of a yojana, at a yojana's distance

• शतद्वारम् (śatadvāram) - having a hundred gates

• विक्रमक्रमतोरणम् (vikramakramatoraṇam) - having archways of valorous steps/achievements

• अष्टादश (aṣṭādaśa) - eighteen

• अवरैः (avaraiḥ) - by at least (referring to number, i.e., 'no less than eighteen') (by inferiors, by those below, by at least)

• नद्धम् (naddham) - fortified, surrounded (bound, tied, fastened, encompassed, fortified)

• क्षत्रियैः (kṣatriyaiḥ) - by warriors, by kṣatriyas

• युद्धदुर्मदैः (yuddhadurmadaiḥ) - by those fiercely proud in battle, by those intoxicated in battle

Words meanings and morphology

त्रिजोजनायतम् (trijojanāyatam) - three yojanas long

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of trijojanāyata

trijojanāyata - three yojanas long

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tri+yojana+āyata)

• tri – three
  adjective
• yojana – a measure of distance (about 8-10 miles)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• āyata – long, extended
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'yam' (to restrain, stretch) with prefix 'ā'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sadma'.

सद्म (sadma) - palace, fortress (abode, dwelling, palace, house)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sadman

sadman - abode, dwelling, house, palace

from root 'sad' (to sit, settle)

Root: sad (class 1)

त्रिस्कन्धम् (triskandham) - three-storied (referring to a building) (three-storied, having three branches/parts)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of triskandha

triskandha - having three parts/stories/branches

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+skandha)

• tri – three
  adjective
• skandha – shoulder, trunk, branch, section, chapter, story (of a building)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'sadma'.

योजनात् (yojanāt) - from a yojana

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yojana

yojana - a measure of distance (about 8-10 miles)

from root 'yuj' (to join, to yoke)

Root: yuj (class 7)

अधि (adhi) - more than (with ablative) (above, over, upon, superior to, beyond)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as a postposition here.

योजनान्ते (yojanānte) - at the end of a yojana, at a yojana's distance

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yojanānta

yojanānta - end of a yojana

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yojana+anta)

• yojana – a measure of distance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• anta – end, limit
  noun (masculine)

शतद्वारम् (śatadvāram) - having a hundred gates

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śatadvāra

śatadvāra - having a hundred gates

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+dvāra)

• śata – a hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• dvāra – gate, door
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'sadma'.

विक्रमक्रमतोरणम् (vikramakramatoraṇam) - having archways of valorous steps/achievements

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vikramakramatoraṇa

vikramakramatoraṇa - having archways marking steps of valor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vikrama+krama+toraṇa)

• vikrama – valor, might, courage, step
  noun (masculine)
  from root 'kram' with 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)
• krama – step, stride, order, progress, sequence
  noun (masculine)
  from root 'kram' (to step, go)
  Root: kram (class 1)
• toraṇa – archway, ceremonial gateway
  noun (neuter)
  From 'tṛ' 'to pass over' with suffix 'ana'.
  Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sadma'.

अष्टादश (aṣṭādaśa) - eighteen

(numeral)

Note: Forms a compound with 'avara'.

अवरैः (avaraiḥ) - by at least (referring to number, i.e., 'no less than eighteen') (by inferiors, by those below, by at least)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of avara

avara - inferior, lower, junior, subsequent, at least (when compounded with a number)

Note: Used with 'aṣṭādaśa' to mean 'no less than eighteen'.

नद्धम् (naddham) - fortified, surrounded (bound, tied, fastened, encompassed, fortified)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of naddha

naddha - bound, fastened, wrapped, fortified

Past Passive Participle

From root 'nah' (to bind, tie)

Root: nah (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'sadma'.

क्षत्रियैः (kṣatriyaiḥ) - by warriors, by kṣatriyas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - warrior, member of the warrior class

Note: Agent of 'naddham'.

युद्धदुर्मदैः (yuddhadurmadaiḥ) - by those fiercely proud in battle, by those intoxicated in battle

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yuddhadurmada

yuddhadurmada - fiercely proud in battle, intoxicated with battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+durmada)

• yuddha – battle, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'yudh' (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• durmada – fiercely proud, arrogant, intoxicated
  adjective (masculine)
  'dur' (bad, difficult) + 'mada' (intoxication, pride)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'kṣatriyaiḥ'.

Previous Verse Next Verse