महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-10, verse-8

ब्राह्मणैश्च महाभागैः सूर्यज्वलनसंनिभैः ।
नियमव्रतसंपन्नैः समाकीर्णं तपस्विभिः ।
दीक्षितैर्भरतश्रेष्ठ यताहारैः कृतात्मभिः ॥८॥

8. brāhmaṇaiśca mahābhāgaiḥ sūryajvalanasaṁnibhaiḥ ,
niyamavratasaṁpannaiḥ samākīrṇaṁ tapasvibhiḥ ,
dīkṣitairbharataśreṣṭha yatāhāraiḥ kṛtātmabhiḥ.

8. brāhmaṇaiḥ ca mahābhāgaiḥ
sūryajvalanasaṃnibhaiḥ niyamavratasaṃpannaiḥ
samākīrṇam tapasvibhiḥ dīkṣitaiḥ
bharataśreṣṭha yatāhāraiḥ kṛtātmabhiḥ

8. bharataśreṣṭha (idam āśramapadam) ca
mahābhāgaiḥ sūryajvalanasaṃnibhaiḥ
niyamavratasaṃpannaiḥ brāhmaṇaiḥ tapasvibhiḥ
dīkṣitaiḥ yatāhāraiḥ kṛtātmabhiḥ samākīrṇam

8. And it was densely populated, O best of the Bharatas, by noble Brahmins resembling the sun and fire, who were endowed with discipline and vows; and by ascetics (tapasvins) initiated into special observances, with regulated diets, and who had disciplined their self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - the hermitage was populated by Brahmins (by Brahmins)

• च (ca) - connecting this group of Brahmins to other elements of the hermitage's description, or adding them to the list of inhabitants. (and)

• महाभागैः (mahābhāgaiḥ) - describing the noble and distinguished nature of the Brahmins (by great-souled ones, by highly fortunate ones)

• सूर्यज्वलनसंनिभैः (sūryajvalanasaṁnibhaiḥ) - describing the radiant and powerful aura of the Brahmins, perhaps due to their spiritual prowess (by those resembling the sun and fire)

• नियमव्रतसंपन्नैः (niyamavratasaṁpannaiḥ) - describing the strict adherence to religious and moral observances by the Brahmins (by those endowed with discipline and vows)

• समाकीर्णम् (samākīrṇam) - the hermitage was full of these described individuals (completely filled, densely populated, covered all over)

• तपस्विभिः (tapasvibhiḥ) - the hermitage was also filled with ascetics (by ascetics, by those performing austerities (tapas))

• दीक्षितैः (dīkṣitaiḥ) - referring to ascetics who have undergone a special consecration or undertaken a particular vow (by the initiated, by those who have taken an initiation/vow)

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - vocative address to the king, similar to `bharatarṣabha` (O best of Bharatas)

• यताहारैः (yatāhāraiḥ) - describing the ascetic practice of dietary control (by those with regulated diet, by those who have controlled their food)

• कृतात्मभिः (kṛtātmabhiḥ) - describing the high spiritual attainment of the ascetics (by those who have controlled their self (ātman), by perfected souls)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - the hermitage was populated by Brahmins (by Brahmins)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class, sacred text

Derived from 'brahman' (Veda/prayer/the Absolute).

Note: Agent for 'samākīrṇam'.

च (ca) - connecting this group of Brahmins to other elements of the hermitage's description, or adding them to the list of inhabitants. (and)

(indeclinable)

महाभागैः (mahābhāgaiḥ) - describing the noble and distinguished nature of the Brahmins (by great-souled ones, by highly fortunate ones)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhaj (to divide, obtain).
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇaiḥ'.

सूर्यज्वलनसंनिभैः (sūryajvalanasaṁnibhaiḥ) - describing the radiant and powerful aura of the Brahmins, perhaps due to their spiritual prowess (by those resembling the sun and fire)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : dvandva + tatpuruṣa (sūrya+jvalana+saṃnibha)

• sūrya – sun, the sun god
  noun (masculine)
• jvalana – fire, burning
  noun (masculine)
  From √jval (to burn).
  Root: jval (class 1)
• saṃnibha – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: sam

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇaiḥ'.

नियमव्रतसंपन्नैः (niyamavratasaṁpannaiḥ) - describing the strict adherence to religious and moral observances by the Brahmins (by those endowed with discipline and vows)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niyama+vrata+saṃpanna)

• niyama – discipline, restraint, religious observance
  noun (masculine)
  From ni + √yam (to restrain).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty
  noun (neuter)
• saṃpanna – endowed with, rich in, accomplished, complete
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam + pra + √pad (to obtain, to happen).
  Prefixes: sam+pra
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇaiḥ'.

समाकीर्णम् (samākīrṇam) - the hermitage was full of these described individuals (completely filled, densely populated, covered all over)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of samākīrṇa

samākīrṇa - completely covered, filled, densely populated

Past Passive Participle

From sam + ā + √kīr (to scatter, spread).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: kīr (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for the hermitage.

तपस्विभिः (tapasvibhiḥ) - the hermitage was also filled with ascetics (by ascetics, by those performing austerities (tapas))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, hermit, one who performs austerities (tapas)

Possessive suffix -vin from 'tapas' (austerity).

Note: Another agent for 'samākīrṇam'.

दीक्षितैः (dīkṣitaiḥ) - referring to ascetics who have undergone a special consecration or undertaken a particular vow (by the initiated, by those who have taken an initiation/vow)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dīkṣita

dīkṣita - initiated, consecrated, having undertaken a religious vow

Past Passive Participle

From √dīkṣ (to consecrate oneself, to initiate).

Root: dīkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tapasvibhiḥ'.

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - vocative address to the king, similar to `bharatarṣabha` (O best of Bharatas)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – Bharata (an ancient king or his descendant), a name of India
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

यताहारैः (yatāhāraiḥ) - describing the ascetic practice of dietary control (by those with regulated diet, by those who have controlled their food)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+āhāra)

• yata – restrained, controlled, disciplined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √yam (to restrain).
  Root: yam (class 1)
• āhāra – food, diet, taking, collection
  noun (masculine)
  From ā + √hṛ (to seize, take).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tapasvibhiḥ'.

कृतात्मभिः (kṛtātmabhiḥ) - describing the high spiritual attainment of the ascetics (by those who have controlled their self (ātman), by perfected souls)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+ātman)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished, perfect
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tapasvibhiḥ'.