महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-10, verse-37

पुण्याहवाचने नित्यं धर्मकार्येषु चासकृत् ।
उत्स्मयन्प्राहसच्चापि दृष्ट्वा राजा पुरोहितम् ।
एवं स बहुशो राजन्पुरोधसमुपाहसत् ॥३७॥

37. puṇyāhavācane nityaṁ dharmakāryeṣu cāsakṛt ,
utsmayanprāhasaccāpi dṛṣṭvā rājā purohitam ,
evaṁ sa bahuśo rājanpurodhasamupāhasat.

37. puṇyāhavācane nityaṃ dharmakāryeṣu
ca asakṛt utsmayan prāhasat ca
api dṛṣṭvā rājā purohitam evam sa
bahuśaḥ rājan purodhasam upāhasat

37. rājan rājā puṇyāhavācane nityaṃ ca
dharmakāryeṣu asakṛt purohitam
dṛṣṭvā utsmayan ca api prāhasat
evam saḥ purodhasam bahuśaḥ upāhasat

37. Even during auspicious day proclamations and repeatedly in matters of (dharma) duties, the king would smirk and laugh aloud upon seeing his priest. Thus, O king, he frequently mocked the priest.

Words meanings summery:

• पुण्याहवाचने (puṇyāhavācane) - during the proclamation of an auspicious day

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• धर्मकार्येषु (dharmakāryeṣu) - in matters of (dharma) duties, in religious activities

• च (ca) - and

• असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, often

• उत्स्मयन् (utsmayan) - smirking, smiling with derision

• प्राहसत् (prāhasat) - laughed aloud

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• पुरोहितम् (purohitam) - the priest

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• स (sa) - he

• बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, repeatedly

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• पुरोधसम् (purodhasam) - the priest

• उपाहसत् (upāhasat) - ridiculed, mocked

Words meanings and morphology

पुण्याहवाचने (puṇyāhavācane) - during the proclamation of an auspicious day

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of puṇyāhavācana

puṇyāhavācana - proclamation of an auspicious day

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (puṇyāha+vācana)

• puṇyāha – auspicious day
  noun (neuter)
• vācana – proclamation, recital
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root vac with suffix ana.
  Root: vac (class 2)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

धर्मकार्येषु (dharmakāryeṣu) - in matters of (dharma) duties, in religious activities

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of dharmakārya

dharmakārya - (dharma) duty, religious act, righteous deed

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dharma+kārya)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• kārya – duty, action, what is to be done
  noun (neuter)
  gerundive
  Derived from root kṛ with suffix ṇyat.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, often

(indeclinable)

उत्स्मयन् (utsmayan) - smirking, smiling with derision

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utsmayat

utsmayat - smirking, derisively smiling

present active participle

Derived from root smi with upasarga ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective modifying 'rājā'.

प्राहसत् (prāhasat) - laughed aloud

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prahas

imperfect past tense

Derived from root has with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dṛś with suffix ktvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

पुरोहितम् (purohitam) - the priest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purohita

purohita - priest, family priest

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Derived from bahu with suffix śas.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Addressing the narrator's audience.

पुरोधसम् (purodhasam) - the priest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purodhas

purodhas - priest, preceptor, family priest

उपाहसत् (upāhasat) - ridiculed, mocked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upahas

imperfect past tense

Derived from root has with upasarga upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: has (class 1)