महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-10, verse-64

तस्मात्सद्भिर्न वक्तव्यं कस्यचित्किंचिदग्रतः ।
सूक्ष्मा गतिर्हि धर्मस्य दुर्ज्ञेया ह्यकृतात्मभिः ॥६४॥

64. tasmātsadbhirna vaktavyaṁ kasyacitkiṁcidagrataḥ ,
sūkṣmā gatirhi dharmasya durjñeyā hyakṛtātmabhiḥ.

64. tasmāt sadbhiḥ na vaktavyam kasyacit kiṃcit agrataḥ
sūkṣmā gatiḥ hi dharmasya durjñeyā hi akṛtātmabhiḥ

64. tasmāt sadbhiḥ kasyacit agrataḥ kiṃcit na vaktavyam
hi dharmasya sūkṣmā gatiḥ akṛtātmabhiḥ hi durjñeyā

64. Therefore, nothing at all should be spoken by noble persons in front of anyone. For indeed, the intricate course of natural law (dharma) is difficult to comprehend for those whose inner self (ātman) is not cultivated.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by noble persons (by good people, by the virtuous, by the noble)

• न (na) - not, no

• वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken (should be spoken, to be said)

• कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - to anyone (of anyone, to anyone)

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything at all (anything, something, whatever)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of (in front of, before, in the presence of)

• सूक्ष्मा (sūkṣmā) - intricate (subtle, delicate, intricate)

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - course (path, course, movement, state, nature, understanding)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma) (of dharma, of law, of duty, of righteousness)

• दुर्ज्ञेया (durjñeyā) - difficult to comprehend (difficult to know, hard to understand)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• अकृतात्मभिः (akṛtātmabhiḥ) - for those whose inner self (ātman) is not cultivated (by those whose inner self is not cultivated, by the undeveloped, by those of unpurified mind)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, that one (demonstrative pronoun)

Ablative singular of 'tad'.

Note: Functions adverbially as 'therefore'.

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by noble persons (by good people, by the virtuous, by the noble)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existing, good, virtuous, noble, real

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be) with śatṛ suffix. Used as a substantive noun here.

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken (should be spoken, to be said)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaktavya

vaktavya - to be spoken, to be said, what should be declared

Gerundive

From root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix '-tavya'.

Root: vac (class 2)

कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - to anyone (of anyone, to anyone)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of ka

ka - who, which, what (interrogative pronoun)

Genitive singular of 'ka' with enclitic 'cit'. Often implies 'anyone'.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything at all (anything, something, whatever)

(indeclinable)

From 'kim' (what) + 'cit' (enclitic).

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of (in front of, before, in the presence of)

(indeclinable)

From 'agra' (front) with suffix '-taḥ'.

सूक्ष्मा (sūkṣmā) - intricate (subtle, delicate, intricate)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sūkṣma

sūkṣma - subtle, minute, fine, delicate, intricate

From root 'suc' (to be pure).

Root: suc (class 1)

गतिः (gatiḥ) - course (path, course, movement, state, nature, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, course, path, state, condition, means of understanding

From root 'gam' (to go) with suffix '-ti'.

Root: gam (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma) (of dharma, of law, of duty, of righteousness)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, social order

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

दुर्ज्ञेया (durjñeyā) - difficult to comprehend (difficult to know, hard to understand)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of durjñeya

durjñeya - difficult to know, hard to be understood, incomprehensible

Gerundive

Compound of 'dur' (difficult, bad) and 'jñeya' (knowable, from root 'jñā' + 'ya' suffix).

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (dur+jñeya)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• jñeya – knowable, to be known, understandable
  participle (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root 'jñā' (to know) with '-ya' suffix.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अकृतात्मभिः (akṛtātmabhiḥ) - for those whose inner self (ātman) is not cultivated (by those whose inner self is not cultivated, by the undeveloped, by those of unpurified mind)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of akṛtātman

akṛtātman - one whose self/mind is unpurified, uncultured, undeveloped

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'a' (not) + 'kṛta' (done/cultivated) + 'ātman' (self/mind).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kṛta+ātman)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kṛta – done, made, cultivated, accomplished
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature, inner self
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)