महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-10, verse-70

एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातमुपदेशे कृते सति ।
महान्क्लेशो हि भवति तस्मान्नोपदिशेत्क्वचित् ॥७०॥

70. etatte sarvamākhyātamupadeśe kṛte sati ,
mahānkleśo hi bhavati tasmānnopadiśetkvacit.

70. etat te sarvam ākhyātam upadeśe kṛte sati mahān
kleśaḥ hi bhavati tasmāt na upadiśet kvacit

70. etat sarvam te ākhyātam hi upadeśe kṛte sati
mahān kleśaḥ bhavati tasmāt kvacit na upadiśet

70. All this has been explained to you. Indeed, great trouble often arises after instruction (upadeśa) has been imparted. Therefore, one should not give advice indiscriminately.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this, this fact, this matter

• ते (te) - to you, your

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, the whole

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - told, explained, recounted, revealed

• उपदेशे (upadeśe) - in instruction, in advice, regarding teaching

• कृते (kṛte) - when done, when made, when given

• सति (sati) - being, existing, if it exists

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, important

• क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - trouble, distress, affliction, suffering, difficulty

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, happens, occurs, is

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• न (na) - not, no

• उपदिशेत् (upadiśet) - one should advise, one should instruct, one should teach

• क्वचित् (kvacit) - indiscriminately (anywhere, sometimes, ever, in any case)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this, this fact, this matter

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Sandhi form of 'etad'.

ते (te) - to you, your

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural or singular honorific)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira here.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, the whole

(adjective)

neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'etat'.

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - told, explained, recounted, revealed

(adjective)

neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - told, explained, declared

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ā- with root √khyā (to tell, to declare)

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'etat sarvam'.

उपदेशे (upadeśe) - in instruction, in advice, regarding teaching

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of upadeśa

upadeśa - instruction, advice, teaching, initiation

From prefix upa- with root √diś (to point out, to instruct)

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

कृते (kṛte) - when done, when made, when given

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root √kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'upadeśe', forming a locative absolute 'upadeśe kṛte sati' (when instruction has been given, being done).

सति (sati) - being, existing, if it exists

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true

Present Participle

From root √as (to be) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction, typically translated as 'when X is Y' or 'X being Y'.

महान् (mahān) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Root √mah (to be great) + at suffix.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kleśaḥ'.

क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - trouble, distress, affliction, suffering, difficulty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kleśa

kleśa - pain, distress, trouble, affliction, suffering

From root √kliś (to torment, to afflict)

Root: kliś (class 9)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, happens, occurs, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(indeclinable)

Note: Formally an ablative singular of 'tad', used adverbially as 'therefore'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उपदिशेत् (upadiśet) - one should advise, one should instruct, one should teach

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of upadiś

From prefix upa- with root √diś (to point out, to show)

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

क्वचित् (kvacit) - indiscriminately (anywhere, sometimes, ever, in any case)

(indeclinable)

From interrogative pronoun 'ka' + suffix '-cit'.