महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-10, verse-28

कुरुष्वैतां पूर्वशीर्षां भव चोदङ्मुखः शुचिः ।
स च तत्कृतवाञ्शूद्रः सर्वं यदृषिरब्रवीत् ॥२८॥

28. kuruṣvaitāṁ pūrvaśīrṣāṁ bhava codaṅmukhaḥ śuciḥ ,
sa ca tatkṛtavāñśūdraḥ sarvaṁ yadṛṣirabravīt.

28. kuruṣva etām pūrvaśīrṣām bhava ca udaṅmukhaḥ śuciḥ
saḥ ca tat kṛtavān śūdraḥ sarvam yat ṛṣiḥ abravīt

28. "Make this (cushion) with its top pointing east, and become pure, facing north," (the sage said). And that śūdra did everything that the sage (ṛṣi) had instructed.

Words meanings summery:

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - make (it) (do, make, perform (imperative middle voice))

• एताम् (etām) - this (referring to the cushion, bṛsīm) (this (feminine accusative singular))

• पूर्वशीर्षाम् (pūrvaśīrṣām) - with its top pointing east (having its head/top towards the east)

• भव (bhava) - become (pure) (be, become (imperative))

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - facing north

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the śūdra) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• तत् (tat) - that (what was instructed) (that, it (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he did, he performed (he who has done, having done (past active participle))

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - the śūdra (a śūdra (member of the fourth social class))

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (that was instructed) (all, every, whole (neuter accusative singular))

• यत् (yat) - what, that which (which, what, that (relative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (sage, seer)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he had instructed (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - make (it) (do, make, perform (imperative middle voice))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Middle Voice

2nd person singular, Imperative, Ātmanepada.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

एताम् (etām) - this (referring to the cushion, bṛsīm) (this (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

पूर्वशीर्षाम् (pūrvaśīrṣām) - with its top pointing east (having its head/top towards the east)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pūrvaśīrṣa

pūrvaśīrṣa - having its head/top towards the east

Compound: 'pūrva' (east, front) + 'śīrṣa' (head, top).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pūrva+śīrṣa)

• pūrva – eastern, prior, former, front
  adjective (masculine)
• śīrṣa – head, top, peak, main part
  noun (neuter)

Note: This describes the desired orientation of the cushion.

भव (bhava) - become (pure) (be, become (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative Active

2nd person singular, Imperative, Parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - facing north

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udaṅmukha

udaṅmukha - facing north

Compound: 'udak' (north) + 'mukha' (face).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udak+mukha)

• udak – north, northern
  indeclinable/noun
• mukha – face, mouth, front, opening
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes the subject of 'bhava'.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, white, holy

सः (saḥ) - he (the śūdra) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (what was instructed) (that, it (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to the instruction given by the sage.

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he did, he performed (he who has done, having done (past active participle))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - one who has done, having done

Past Active Participle

From root 'kṛ' with suffix '-tavat'. Nominative singular masculine.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - the śūdra (a śūdra (member of the fourth social class))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the fourth social class

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (that was instructed) (all, every, whole (neuter accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to all the instructions.

यत् (yat) - what, that which (which, what, that (relative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Introduces a relative clause.

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he had instructed (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, Parasmaipada.

Root: brū (class 2)