महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-10, verse-57

कृच्छ्राणि चीर्त्वा च ततो यथोक्तानि द्विजोत्तमः ।
तीर्थानि चाभिगत्वा वै दानानि विविधानि च ॥५७॥

57. kṛcchrāṇi cīrtvā ca tato yathoktāni dvijottamaḥ ,
tīrthāni cābhigatvā vai dānāni vividhāni ca.

57. kṛcchrāṇi cīrtvā ca tataḥ yathā uktāni dvija uttamaḥ
tīrthāni ca abhigatvā vai dānāni vividhāni ca

57. The best of the twice-born (dvija), having performed the prescribed difficult penances, and having visited various holy places and given diverse gifts,

Words meanings summery:

• कृच्छ्राणि (kṛcchrāṇi) - difficult penances (difficulties, distresses, penances, severe austerities)

• चीर्त्वा (cīrtvā) - having performed, having observed, having practiced

• च (ca) - and, also

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, after that (thence, thereupon, then, after that)

• यथा (yathā) - as prescribed (as, according to, just as)

• उक्तानि (uktāni) - prescribed (said, spoken, prescribed, mentioned)

• द्विज (dvija) - a brahmin, one of the upper three social classes (varṇas) (twice-born, a brahmin, a bird, a tooth)

• उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - best (best, excellent, highest)

• तीर्थानि (tīrthāni) - holy places (holy places, sacred bathing places, fords)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभिगत्वा (abhigatvā) - having visited (having gone to, having approached, having visited)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily (emphatic particle)

• दानानि (dānāni) - gifts (gifts, donations, acts of giving)

• विविधानि (vividhāni) - various (various, manifold, diverse)

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

कृच्छ्राणि (kṛcchrāṇi) - difficult penances (difficulties, distresses, penances, severe austerities)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficult, painful, distressful, penance, severe austerity

चीर्त्वा (cīrtvā) - having performed, having observed, having practiced

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root 'car' with suffix 'tvā'

Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, after that (thence, thereupon, then, after that)

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as prescribed (as, according to, just as)

(indeclinable)

उक्तानि (uktāni) - prescribed (said, spoken, prescribed, mentioned)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared, prescribed, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Modifies kṛcchrāṇi

द्विज (dvija) - a brahmin, one of the upper three social classes (varṇas) (twice-born, a brahmin, a bird, a tooth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (epithet for Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas), a brahmin, a bird, a tooth

From dvi (two) + jan (to be born) -> ja (born)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born
  adjective
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Part of descriptive phrase 'dvija uttamaḥ'

उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - best (best, excellent, highest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, principal, first

superlative of ud (up)

Note: Modifies dvija

तीर्थानि (tīrthāni) - holy places (holy places, sacred bathing places, fords)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tīrtha

tīrtha - ford, bathing place, sacred place, holy shrine

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभिगत्वा (abhigatvā) - having visited (having gone to, having approached, having visited)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root 'gam' with prefix 'abhi' and suffix 'tvā'

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

दानानि (dānāni) - gifts (gifts, donations, acts of giving)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dāna

dāna - gift, donation, act of giving, liberality

From root 'dā' (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

विविधानि (vividhāni) - various (various, manifold, diverse)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse, of many kinds

vi (prefix) + vidha (kind, sort)

Note: Modifies dānāni

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)