महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-10, verse-49

शूद्रोऽहमभवं पूर्वं तापसो भृशसंयुतः ।
ऋषिरुग्रतपास्त्वं च तदाभूर्द्विजसत्तम ॥४९॥

49. śūdro'hamabhavaṁ pūrvaṁ tāpaso bhṛśasaṁyutaḥ ,
ṛṣirugratapāstvaṁ ca tadābhūrdvijasattama.

49. śūdraḥ aham abhavam pūrvaṃ tāpasaḥ bhṛśa-saṃyutaḥ
ṛṣiḥ ugratapāḥ tvam ca tadā abhūḥ dvijasattama

49. Formerly, I was a śūdra, deeply absorbed in ascetic practices. And you, O best among the twice-born, were then a sage (muni) who performed severe austerities (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a person of the fourth social class, a laborer

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अभवम् (abhavam) - I was, I became

• पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously

• तापसः (tāpasaḥ) - an ascetic, one who performs austerities

• भृश-संयुतः (bhṛśa-saṁyutaḥ) - intensively joined/connected, deeply absorbed

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - a sage, seer

• उग्रतपाः (ugratapāḥ) - one with severe austerities

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• च (ca) - and, also

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अभूः (abhūḥ) - you were, you became

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born

Words meanings and morphology

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a person of the fourth social class, a laborer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a person belonging to the fourth varna; a laborer

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अभवम् (abhavam) - I was, I became

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect first person singular

From root bhū (1st class) + a- (augment) + -am (ending)

Root: bhū (class 1)

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

तापसः (tāpasaḥ) - an ascetic, one who performs austerities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāpasa

tāpasa - an ascetic, hermit, one who practices tapas

Derived from tapas (austerity)

भृश-संयुतः (bhṛśa-saṁyutaḥ) - intensively joined/connected, deeply absorbed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛśa-saṃyuta

bhṛśa-saṁyuta - intensively joined/connected/endowed with, deeply absorbed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhṛśa+saṃyuta)

• bhṛśa – intense, much, strong, very
  indeclinable
• saṃyuta – joined, connected, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - a sage, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - a sage, seer, inspired poet, a (muni)

उग्रतपाः (ugratapāḥ) - one with severe austerities

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ugratapas

ugratapas - one who performs severe austerities (tapas)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ugra+tapas)

• ugra – fierce, severe, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अभूः (abhūḥ) - you were, you became

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect second person singular

From root bhū (1st class) + a- (augment) + -ḥ (ending)

Root: bhū (class 1)

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (a brahmin, kṣatriya, vaiśya, bird, tooth)
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, most eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative suffix -tama
  Superlative of sat (good, existing)