महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-10, verse-54

एवं तवोग्रं हि तप उपदेशेन नाशितम् ।
पुरोहितत्वमुत्सृज्य यतस्व त्वं पुनर्भवे ॥५४॥

54. evaṁ tavograṁ hi tapa upadeśena nāśitam ,
purohitatvamutsṛjya yatasva tvaṁ punarbhave.

54. evam tava ugram hi tapaḥ upadeśena nāśitam
tvam purohitatvam utsṛjya punarbhave yatasva

54. Thus, your severe spiritual discipline (tapas) has indeed been ruined by (my) instruction. Abandoning the position of priest, you must strive again for a better future (bhava).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• तव (tava) - your

• उग्रम् (ugram) - fierce, severe, intense

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, spiritual discipline (tapas)

• उपदेशेन (upadeśena) - by instruction, by advice

• नाशितम् (nāśitam) - destroyed, ruined

• पुरोहितत्वम् (purohitatvam) - priesthood, the state of being a priest

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up

• पुनर्भवे (punarbhave) - for rebirth, in a future existence, again for existence (bhava)

• यतस्व (yatasva) - strive, exert yourself

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

उग्रम् (ugram) - fierce, severe, intense

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, severe, terrible, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, spiritual discipline (tapas)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, penance, austerity, spiritual discipline (tapas)

उपदेशेन (upadeśena) - by instruction, by advice

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upadeśa

upadeśa - instruction, advice, teaching

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

नाशितम् (nāśitam) - destroyed, ruined

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāśita

nāśita - destroyed, ruined

Past Passive Participle

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

पुरोहितत्वम् (purohitatvam) - priesthood, the state of being a priest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purohitatva

purohitatva - priesthood, the state of being a purohita

Compound type : tatpurusha (purohita+tva)

• purohita – family priest, chief priest
  noun (masculine)
• tva – suffix denoting state or condition
  indeclinable (neuter)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

पुनर्भवे (punarbhave) - for rebirth, in a future existence, again for existence (bhava)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of punarbhava

punarbhava - rebirth, renewal of existence, future existence (bhava)

Compound type : tatpurusha (punar+bhava)

• punar – again, anew
  indeclinable
• bhava – existence, state of being, world, birth (bhava)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Could also be dative 'for rebirth'.

यतस्व (yatasva) - strive, exert yourself

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of yat

Root: yat (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you