महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-10, verse-47

राजोवाच ।
एवमुक्ते त्वया विप्र यदवाच्यं भवेदपि ।
अवश्यमेव वक्तव्यं शृणुष्वैकमना द्विज ॥४७॥

47. rājovāca ,
evamukte tvayā vipra yadavācyaṁ bhavedapi ,
avaśyameva vaktavyaṁ śṛṇuṣvaikamanā dvija.

47. rājā uvāca evam ukte tvayā vipra yat avācyam bhavet
api avaśyam eva vaktavyam śṛṇuşva ekamanā dvija

47. The king said: 'Since you have spoken thus, O Brāhmaṇa, even that which should not be disclosed must certainly be told. Therefore, O twice-born (dvija), listen with a focused mind.'

Words meanings summery:

• राजा (rājā) - The king (king, ruler)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

• उक्ते (ukte) - since (it has been) spoken (when spoken, in what has been said)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• विप्र (vipra) - O Brāhmaṇa (O Brāhmaṇa, O sage)

• यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that)

• अवाच्यम् (avācyam) - which should not be disclosed (not to be spoken, unspoken, inexpressible)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - might be (may be, might be, should be)

• अपि (api) - even if (even, also, too)

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (necessarily, certainly, inevitably)

• एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)

• वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - must be told (to be spoken, must be told)

• शृणुşव (śṛṇuşva) - listen (to me) (listen, hear)

• एकमना (ekamanā) - with a focused mind (one-minded, attentive, focused)

• द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (dvija) (O twice-born (Brāhmaṇa))

Words meanings and morphology

राजा (rājā) - The king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Root verb, 3rd conjugation, Parasmaipada (irregular perfect form)

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्ते (ukte) - since (it has been) spoken (when spoken, in what has been said)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

past passive participle

From root 'vac' (to speak) + suffix 'kta'

Root: vac (class 2)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

विप्र (vipra) - O Brāhmaṇa (O Brāhmaṇa, O sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brāhmaṇa, sage, inspired, learned

यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

अवाच्यम् (avācyam) - which should not be disclosed (not to be spoken, unspoken, inexpressible)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avācya

avācya - not to be spoken, inexpressible, improper to be mentioned

gerundive (future passive participle)

Negative compound 'a' (not) + 'vācya' (to be spoken). 'vācya' is from root 'vac' (to speak) + suffix 'ṇyat'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vācya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vācya – to be spoken, expressible
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive
  From root 'vac' (to speak) + suffix 'ṇyat'
  Root: vac (class 2)

भवेत् (bhavet) - might be (may be, might be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

optative active

Root verb, 1st conjugation, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

अपि (api) - even if (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (necessarily, certainly, inevitably)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avaśya

avaśya - unavoidable, necessary, certain

Compound 'a' (not) + 'vaśya' (obedient, under control)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vaśya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vaśya – obedient, submissive, under control
  adjective (neuter)
  From root 'vaś' (to control)
  Root: vaś (class 2)

Note: Used adverbially.

एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - must be told (to be spoken, must be told)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaktavya

vaktavya - to be spoken, to be said, to be declared, proper to be said

gerundive (future passive participle)

From root 'vac' (to speak) + suffix 'tavya'

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणुşव (śṛṇuşva) - listen (to me) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative middle

Root verb, 5th conjugation, Atmanepada

Root: śru (class 5)

एकमना (ekamanā) - with a focused mind (one-minded, attentive, focused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekamanas

ekamanas - having one mind, attentive, resolute

Compound 'eka' (one) + 'manas' (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+manas)

• eka – one, single, unique
  numeral (masculine)
• manas – mind, intellect, spirit
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man

द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (dvija) (O twice-born (Brāhmaṇa))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya; specifically a Brahmin), bird, tooth

Compound 'dvi' (twice) + 'ja' (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix 'ja'
  Derived from root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)