महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1, verse-71

नैव कालो न भुजगो न मृत्युरिह कारणम् ।
स्वकर्मभिरयं बालः कालेन निधनं गतः ॥७१॥

71. naiva kālo na bhujago na mṛtyuriha kāraṇam ,
svakarmabhirayaṁ bālaḥ kālena nidhanaṁ gataḥ.

71. na eva kālaḥ na bhujagaḥ na mṛtyuḥ iha kāraṇam
svakarmabhiḥ ayam bālaḥ kālena nidhanam gataḥ

71. iha kālaḥ na,
eva bhujagaḥ na,
mṛtyuḥ na kāraṇam.
ayam bālaḥ svakarmabhiḥ kālena nidhanam gataḥ.

71. Neither time (kāla), nor the serpent, nor death (mṛtyu) is the cause here. This child met his end through his own actions (svakarma) and by time (kāla).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the negation. (only, just, indeed, alone)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (kāla) as a determining factor or fate. (time, destiny, fate, death)

• न (na) - not, no

• भुजगः (bhujagaḥ) - The serpent (bhujaga) involved in the child's death. (snake, serpent)

• न (na) - not, no

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - The personification of death (mṛtyu). (death, god of death)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - The ultimate factor or reason for the death. (cause, reason, instrument)

• स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - The instrumental cause of the child's demise. (by one's own actions (svakarma))

• अयम् (ayam) - Referring to the child. (this, this one (masculine))

• बालः (bālaḥ) - The deceased child. (child, boy, young one)

• कालेन (kālena) - Time (kāla) as an instrumental cause for the child's demise. (by time, by destiny)

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - The child's death. (death, demise, destruction, end)

• गतः (gataḥ) - Met or reached his demise. (gone, reached, attained)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the negation. (only, just, indeed, alone)

(indeclinable)

कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (kāla) as a determining factor or fate. (time, destiny, fate, death)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, destiny, fate, death

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

भुजगः (bhujagaḥ) - The serpent (bhujaga) involved in the child's death. (snake, serpent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhujaga

bhujaga - snake, serpent

from bhuja (arm, hand) + ga (going), literally 'moving with its body/arms'

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhuja+ga)

• bhuja – arm, hand, body
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving (from root gam)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - The personification of death (mṛtyu). (death, god of death)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, god of death

Root: mṛ (class 6)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

(indeclinable)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - The ultimate factor or reason for the death. (cause, reason, instrument)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - The instrumental cause of the child's demise. (by one's own actions (svakarma))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of svakarma

svakarma - one's own action, one's own duty (svadharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+karma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• karma – action, deed, ritual
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Plural instrumental indicates 'by (his various) own actions'.

अयम् (ayam) - Referring to the child. (this, this one (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Nominative masculine singular of idam.

बालः (bālaḥ) - The deceased child. (child, boy, young one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, boy, young one

कालेन (kālena) - Time (kāla) as an instrumental cause for the child's demise. (by time, by destiny)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, destiny, fate, death

निधनम् (nidhanam) - The child's death. (death, demise, destruction, end)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, demise, destruction, end

from ni + dhā (to place, put down)

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of gataḥ (went to demise).

गतः (gataḥ) - Met or reached his demise. (gone, reached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, attained

past passive participle

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bālaḥ. Used here effectively in an active sense: 'has gone to'.