महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1, verse-20

न ब्राह्मणानां कोपोऽस्ति कुतः कोपाच्च यातना ।
मार्दवात्क्षम्यतां साधो मुच्यतामेष पन्नगः ॥२०॥

20. na brāhmaṇānāṁ kopo'sti kutaḥ kopācca yātanā ,
mārdavātkṣamyatāṁ sādho mucyatāmeṣa pannagaḥ.

20. na brāhmaṇānām kopaḥ asti kutaḥ kopāt ca yātanā
| mārdavāt kṣamyatām sādho mucyatām eṣaḥ pannagaḥ

20. brāhmaṇānām kopaḥ na asti,
ca kutaḥ kopāt yātanā? sādho,
mārdavāt kṣamyatām,
eṣaḥ pannagaḥ mucyatām.

20. Brahmins possess no anger, and from where would punishment arise from anger (if there is no anger)? O virtuous one, let (this offense) be forgiven out of gentleness, and let this snake be released.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of Brahmins, pertaining to Brahmins

• कोपः (kopaḥ) - anger, wrath, fury

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? whence? why?

• कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, due to anger

• च (ca) - and, also

• यातना (yātanā) - torment, punishment, pain, torture

• मार्दवात् (mārdavāt) - from gentleness, out of softness, due to mildness

• क्षम्यताम् (kṣamyatām) - let it be forgiven, let there be forgiveness

• साधो (sādho) - O virtuous one, O good man, O sage

• मुच्यताम् (mucyatām) - let him be released, let it be freed

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masc. nom. sg.)

• पन्नगः (pannagaḥ) - snake, serpent

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates "asti" for "kopaḥ".

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of Brahmins, pertaining to Brahmins

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, related to Brahma or the Vedas

From brahman

Note: Possessive, "of Brahmins".

कोपः (kopaḥ) - anger, wrath, fury

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, wrath, fury

From √kup (to be angry) with a

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Subject of "asti".

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

3rd person singular present active of √as (2nd class)

Root: as (class 2)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? whence? why?

(indeclinable)

Adverb of origin/cause

Note: Interrogative adverb.

कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, due to anger

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, wrath, fury

Ablative singular of kopa, from √kup

Root: kup (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects phrases.

यातना (yātanā) - torment, punishment, pain, torture

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yātanā

yātanā - torment, punishment, pain, torture

From √yat (to strive) with suffix -anā

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit "exists" or "arises".

मार्दवात् (mārdavāt) - from gentleness, out of softness, due to mildness

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of mārdava

mārdava - gentleness, softness, mildness, tenderness

Ablative singular of mārdava, from mṛdu (soft)

Note: Indicates cause.

क्षम्यताम् (kṣamyatām) - let it be forgiven, let there be forgiveness

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of kṣam

Imperative Passive

3rd person singular imperative passive of √kṣam (1st class)

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Impersonal construction; "let (it) be forgiven".

साधो (sādho) - O virtuous one, O good man, O sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man, sage

Vocative singular of sādhu

Note: Addressing the listener.

मुच्यताम् (mucyatām) - let him be released, let it be freed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of muc

Imperative Passive

3rd person singular imperative passive of √muc (6th class)

Root: muc (class 6)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masc. nom. sg.)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular of etad

Note: Agrees with "pannagaḥ".

पन्नगः (pannagaḥ) - snake, serpent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - snake, serpent, reptile

Compound of panna (fallen, descended) and ga (going)

Compound type : karmadharaya (panna+ga)

• panna – fallen, descended, gone
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Ppp. of √pad (to go, fall)
  Root: pad (class 4)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  From √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of "mucyatām".