महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-13, chapter-1, verse-4
रुधिरेणावसिक्ताङ्गं प्रस्रवन्तं यथाचलम् ।
त्वां दृष्ट्वा पुरुषव्याघ्र सीदे वर्षास्विवाम्बुजम् ॥४॥
त्वां दृष्ट्वा पुरुषव्याघ्र सीदे वर्षास्विवाम्बुजम् ॥४॥
4. rudhireṇāvasiktāṅgaṁ prasravantaṁ yathācalam ,
tvāṁ dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghra sīde varṣāsvivāmbujam.
tvāṁ dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghra sīde varṣāsvivāmbujam.
4.
rudhireṇa avasiktāṅgam prasravantam yathācalam
tvām dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghra sīde varṣāsu iva ambujam
tvām dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghra sīde varṣāsu iva ambujam
4.
puruṣavyāghra,
rudhireṇa avasiktāṅgam yathācalam prasravantam tvām dṛṣṭvā,
ambujam varṣāsu iva sīde.
rudhireṇa avasiktāṅgam yathācalam prasravantam tvām dṛṣṭvā,
ambujam varṣāsu iva sīde.
4.
O tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra), seeing your limbs drenched with blood, flowing forth like a mountain stream, I wilt like a lotus in the rainy season.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- रुधिरेण (rudhireṇa) - by blood
- अवसिक्ताङ्गम् (avasiktāṅgam) - whose limbs are drenched, drenched-limbed
- प्रस्रवन्तम् (prasravantam) - flowing forth, streaming
- यथाचलम् (yathācalam) - like a mountain, as a mountain
- त्वाम् (tvām) - Referring to Bhishma (you (accusative))
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen
- पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - Addressed to Bhishma, an epithet of excellence (O tiger among men, O best of men (puruṣavyāghra))
- सीदे (sīde) - I sink, I languish, I become dejected
- वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - in the rainy season, during the rains
- इव (iva) - like, as, similar to
- अम्बुजम् (ambujam) - A lotus wilts in heavy rain (a lotus)
Words meanings and morphology
रुधिरेण (rudhireṇa) - by blood
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of rudhira
rudhira - blood
Root: rudh (class 7)
Note: Agent for the passive participle avasiktāṅgam
अवसिक्ताङ्गम् (avasiktāṅgam) - whose limbs are drenched, drenched-limbed
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of avasiktāṅga
avasiktāṅga - having limbs drenched/sprinkled
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (avasikta+aṅga)
- avasikta – drenched, sprinkled, poured down
adjective
past passive participle
from root sic with prefix ava
Prefix: ava
Root: sic (class 6) - aṅga – limb, body part, body
noun (neuter)
Note: Modifies tvām
प्रस्रवन्तम् (prasravantam) - flowing forth, streaming
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of prasravat
prasravat - flowing forth, streaming, oozing
present active participle
from root sru with prefix pra, present active participle
Prefix: pra
Root: sru (class 1)
Note: Modifies tvām
यथाचलम् (yathācalam) - like a mountain, as a mountain
(indeclinable)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+acala)
- yathā – as, just as, according to
indeclinable - acala – mountain, immobile
noun (masculine)
Prefix: a
Root: cal (class 1)
त्वाम् (tvām) - Referring to Bhishma (you (accusative))
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
absolutive from root dṛś
Root: dṛś (class 1)
पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - Addressed to Bhishma, an epithet of excellence (O tiger among men, O best of men (puruṣavyāghra))
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra
puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, foremost of men, excellent man
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)
- puruṣa – man, person, male
noun (masculine) - vyāghra – tiger
noun (masculine)
सीदे (sīde) - I sink, I languish, I become dejected
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of sad
present active
1st person singular present active
Root: sad (class 1)
Note: Subject (implied) is Yudhishthira
वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - in the rainy season, during the rains
(noun)
Locative, feminine, plural of varṣā
varṣā - rain, rainy season
Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
Note: Temporal locative
इव (iva) - like, as, similar to
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for comparison
अम्बुजम् (ambujam) - A lotus wilts in heavy rain (a lotus)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ambuja
ambuja - lotus (literally 'water-born')
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ambhas+ja)
- ambhas – water
noun (neuter) - ja – born, produced from
suffix/adjective
Participial stem used as suffix
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Compared to the speaker's state