महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1, verse-37

असत्यपि कृते कार्ये नेह पन्नग लिप्यते ।
तस्मान्नात्रैव हेतुः स्याद्वध्यः किं बहु भाषसे ॥३७॥

37. asatyapi kṛte kārye neha pannaga lipyate ,
tasmānnātraiva hetuḥ syādvadhyaḥ kiṁ bahu bhāṣase.

37. asati api kṛte kārye na iha pannaga lipyate tasmāt
na atra eva hetuḥ syāt vadhyaḥ kim bahu bhāṣase

37. pannaga asati api kṛte kārye na iha lipyate tasmāt
na atra eva hetuḥ syāt vadhyaḥ kim bahu bhāṣase

37. O snake, even if the deed (of killing the child) was not directly performed, one is not untainted in this situation. Therefore, this (direct action) alone would not be the sole cause [of guilt]. You are to be killed. Why do you speak so much?

Words meanings summery:

• असति (asati) - even if not present, even if not performed (being not, not existing, absent)

• अपि (api) - even if, although (also, even, and, although, if)

• कृते (kṛte) - when done, performed (done, made, performed, completed)

• कार्ये (kārye) - the deed, the action (of killing) (deed, action, work, business; to be done)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• इह (iha) - in this situation, in this matter (here, in this world, in this matter)

• पन्नग (pannaga) - O snake (snake, reptile)

• लिप्यते (lipyate) - is tainted, is guilty (is smeared, is tainted, is involved, adheres to)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this specific aspect (of direct action) (here, in this place, in this matter)

• एव (eva) - alone, only (only, just, indeed, truly)

• हेतुः (hetuḥ) - the cause (of guilt/punishment) (cause, reason, motive)

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be (may be, would be, should be)

• वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - worthy of death, to be killed (to be killed, punishable, destined for death)

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why, whether)

• बहु (bahu) - much, a lot (much, many, abundant)

• भाषसे (bhāṣase) - why do you speak (so much)? (you speak, you say)

Words meanings and morphology

असति (asati) - even if not present, even if not performed (being not, not existing, absent)

(adjective)

Locative, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true

Present Participle

root as (to be) + śatṛ suffix

Root: as (class 2)

Note: locative absolute with api implies 'even if not'

अपि (api) - even if, although (also, even, and, although, if)

(indeclinable)

कृते (kṛte) - when done, performed (done, made, performed, completed)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

root kṛ (to do) + kta suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: locative absolute with kārye

कार्ये (kārye) - the deed, the action (of killing) (deed, action, work, business; to be done)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - deed, action, work; to be done

Gerundive

root kṛ (to do) + ṇyat suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: locative absolute with kṛte

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - in this situation, in this matter (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

पन्नग (pannaga) - O snake (snake, reptile)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - snake, reptile

from pat (to fall) + gam (to go) - one who moves (crawls) by falling (on its belly)

लिप्यते (lipyate) - is tainted, is guilty (is smeared, is tainted, is involved, adheres to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lip

Present Passive

root lip (to smear) in passive voice, ātmanepada

Root: lip (class 6)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: used adverbially to mean 'therefore'

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this specific aspect (of direct action) (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

from pronoun idam + tral suffix

एव (eva) - alone, only (only, just, indeed, truly)

(indeclinable)

हेतुः (hetuḥ) - the cause (of guilt/punishment) (cause, reason, motive)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive

from root hi (to send, to urge)

Root: hi (class 3)

स्यात् (syāt) - would be (may be, would be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Optative Mood

root as (to be), vidhiliṅ lakāra, parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - worthy of death, to be killed (to be killed, punishable, destined for death)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhya

vadhya - to be killed, punishable

Gerundive

root vadh (to strike, to kill) + ṇyat suffix

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: implied subject is 'you' (pannaga)

किम् (kim) - why (what, why, whether)

(indeclinable)

बहु (bahu) - much, a lot (much, many, abundant)

(adjective)

of bahu

bahu - much, many

Note: used adverbially with bhāṣase

भाषसे (bhāṣase) - why do you speak (so much)? (you speak, you say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhāṣ

Present Middle

root bhāṣ (to speak), laṭ lakāra, ātmanepada

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)