महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1, verse-23

लुब्धक उवाच ।
अस्मादेकस्माद्बहवो रक्षितव्या नैको बहुभ्यो गौतमि रक्षितव्यः ।
कृतागसं धर्मविदस्त्यजन्ति सरीसृपं पापमिमं जहि त्वम् ॥२३॥

23. lubdhaka uvāca ,
asmādekasmādbahavo rakṣitavyā; naiko bahubhyo gautami rakṣitavyaḥ ,
kṛtāgasaṁ dharmavidastyajanti; sarīsṛpaṁ pāpamimaṁ jahi tvam.

23. lubdhakaḥ uvāca | asmāt ekasmāt bahavaḥ
rakṣitavyāḥ na ekaḥ bahubhyaḥ Gautami
rakṣitavyaḥ | kṛtāgasam dharmavidaḥ
tyajanti sarīsṛpam pāpam imam jahi tvam

23. lubdhakaḥ uvāca asmāt ekasmāt bahavaḥ rakṣitavyāḥ.
Gautami,
ekaḥ bahubhyaḥ na rakṣitavyaḥ.
dharmavidaḥ kṛtāgasam tyajanti.
tvam imam pāpam sarīsṛpam jahi.

23. The hunter said: 'From this single creature, many (others) should be protected; but one (creature) should not be protected for many (people), Gautami. Those who understand (dharma) abandon a wrongdoer. Therefore, you should kill this sinful reptile.'

Words meanings summery:

• लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - hunter, fowler

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, told

• अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this (single creature) (from this, on account of this)

• एकस्मात् (ekasmāt) - from one, from a single

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (others, i.e., people) (many, numerous)

• रक्षितव्याः (rakṣitavyāḥ) - should be protected, to be protected

• न (na) - not, no

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (creature) (one, single, alone)

• बहुभ्यः (bahubhyaḥ) - for many (people) (from/for many, from/for numerous)

• गौतमि (gautami) - O Gautami

• रक्षितव्यः (rakṣitavyaḥ) - should be protected, to be protected

• कृतागसम् (kṛtāgasam) - a wrongdoer (one who has committed a fault/offense/sin)

• धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - those who understand (dharma) (those who know (dharma), knowers of righteousness)

• त्यजन्ति (tyajanti) - they abandon, they forsake, they give up

• सरीसृपम् (sarīsṛpam) - reptile, serpent, crawling creature

• पापम् (pāpam) - sinful, evil, wicked, bad

• इमम् (imam) - this

• जहि (jahi) - kill, slay, conquer

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

Words meanings and morphology

लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - hunter, fowler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lubdhaka

lubdhaka - hunter, fowler, trapper

Root: lubh (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this (single creature) (from this, on account of this)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

एकस्मात् (ekasmāt) - from one, from a single

(numeral)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (others, i.e., people) (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous, abundant

Note: Used here as a substantive.

रक्षितव्याः (rakṣitavyāḥ) - should be protected, to be protected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣitavya

rakṣitavya - to be protected, fit to be protected

Gerundive

Formed with -tavya suffix from root rakṣ (to protect)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (creature) (one, single, alone)

(numeral)

Note: Used here as a substantive.

बहुभ्यः (bahubhyaḥ) - for many (people) (from/for many, from/for numerous)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous, abundant

Note: Used here as a substantive.

गौतमि (gautami) - O Gautami

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of Gautamī

Gautamī - Gautami

रक्षितव्यः (rakṣitavyaḥ) - should be protected, to be protected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣitavya

rakṣitavya - to be protected, fit to be protected

Gerundive

Formed with -tavya suffix from root rakṣ (to protect)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

कृतागसम् (kṛtāgasam) - a wrongdoer (one who has committed a fault/offense/sin)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtāgas

kṛtāgas - one who has committed a fault/offense/sin

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+āgas)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• āgas – fault, offense, sin, crime
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used here as a substantive.

धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - those who understand (dharma) (those who know (dharma), knowers of righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmavid

dharmavid - knower of (dharma), wise in righteousness

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+vid)

• dharma – (dharma), natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knowing, wise, an expert
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

त्यजन्ति (tyajanti) - they abandon, they forsake, they give up

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सरीसृपम् (sarīsṛpam) - reptile, serpent, crawling creature

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarīsṛpa

sarīsṛpa - reptile, serpent, crawling creature

Derived from root sṛp (to crawl), reduplicated

Root: sṛp (class 1)

पापम् (pāpam) - sinful, evil, wicked, bad

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sinful, evil, wicked, bad; a sin, evil deed

Note: Agrees with 'sarīsṛpam'.

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

जहि (jahi) - kill, slay, conquer

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of han

Root: han (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (second person pronoun)