महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1, verse-42

भीष्म उवाच ।
तथा ब्रुवति तस्मिंस्तु पन्नगे मृत्युचोदिते ।
आजगाम ततो मृत्युः पन्नगं चाब्रवीदिदम् ॥४२॥

42. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tathā bruvati tasmiṁstu pannage mṛtyucodite ,
ājagāma tato mṛtyuḥ pannagaṁ cābravīdidam.

42. bhīṣma uvāca tathā bruvati tasmin tu pannage mṛtyucodite
ājagāma tataḥ mṛtyuḥ pannagam ca abravīt idam

42. bhīṣma uvāca mṛtyucodite tasmin pannage tathā bruvati
tu tataḥ mṛtyuḥ ājagāma ca pannagam idam abravīt

42. Bhishma said: "While that serpent, impelled by death, was speaking thus, Death then arrived and said this to the serpent."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• ब्रुवति (bruvati) - speaking, while speaking

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, to that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पन्नगे (pannage) - in the serpent

• मृत्युचोदिते (mṛtyucodite) - impelled by Death, urged by Death

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, arrived

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, afterwards

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - the personified deity Death (Death)

• पन्नगम् (pannagam) - the serpent

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke, told

• इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the following statement) (this)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a revered warrior and statesman in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Past Tense (Perfect)

3rd person singular, perfect form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवति (bruvati) - speaking, while speaking

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

From √brū 'to speak, say' (2nd/7th class). Locative singular masculine/neuter. Used in a locative absolute construction.

Root: brū (class 2)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, to that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पन्नगे (pannage) - in the serpent

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - serpent, snake

मृत्युचोदिते (mṛtyucodite) - impelled by Death, urged by Death

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mṛtyucodita

mṛtyucodita - impelled by death, urged by death

Compound type : instrumental tatpuruṣa (mṛtyu+codita)

• mṛtyu – death, Yama (the god of death)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛ
• codita – impelled, urged, sent
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √cud 'to urge, impel' (10th class)
  Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'pannage'.

आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, arrived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of āgam

Past Tense (Perfect)

3rd person singular, perfect form of ā + √gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, afterwards

(indeclinable)

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - the personified deity Death (Death)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, Yama (the god of death)

Root: mṛ

पन्नगम् (pannagam) - the serpent

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - serpent, snake

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense

3rd person singular, augment 'a-' for past tense

Root: brū (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the following statement) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here