महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1, verse-14

गौतम्युवाच ।
विसृजैनमबुद्धिस्त्वं न वध्योऽर्जुनक त्वया ।
को ह्यात्मानं गुरुं कुर्यात्प्राप्तव्ये सति चिन्तयन् ॥१४॥

14. gautamyuvāca ,
visṛjainamabuddhistvaṁ na vadhyo'rjunaka tvayā ,
ko hyātmānaṁ guruṁ kuryātprāptavye sati cintayan.

14. gautamī uvāca visṛja enam abuddhiḥ tvam na vadhyaḥ arjunaka
tvayā kaḥ hi ātmānam gurum kuryāt prāptavye sati cintayan

14. gautamī uvāca tvam abuddhiḥ visṛja enam arjunaka tvayā na
vadhyaḥ hi kaḥ prāptavye sati cintayan ātmānam gurum kuryāt

14. Gautami said, 'You are unwise; release him. He should not be killed by you, O Arjunaka. For who, while reflecting on what is to be achieved, would appoint his own self (ātman) as a spiritual guide (guru)?'

Words meanings summery:

• गौतमी (gautamī) - Gautami (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विसृज (visṛja) - release, let go, abandon

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• अबुद्धिः (abuddhiḥ) - unwise (unwise, ignorant, thoughtless)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• न (na) - not

• वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - to be killed, killable, worthy of being killed

• अर्जुनक (arjunaka) - O Arjunaka (proper name)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• हि (hi) - for (indeed, for, surely)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - one's own self (self (ātman))

• गुरुम् (gurum) - a spiritual guide (teacher, spiritual guide (guru))

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would appoint/make (would make, should do)

• प्राप्तव्ये (prāptavye) - in the matter of what is to be achieved (to be obtained, to be achieved; in the matter of what is to be achieved)

• सति (sati) - when being (being, existing, when it is)

• चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - while reflecting (thinking, reflecting, pondering)

Words meanings and morphology

गौतमी (gautamī) - Gautami (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gautamī

gautamī - Gautami (female descendant of Gotama)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac, 3rd person singular perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

विसृज (visṛja) - release, let go, abandon

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of visṛj

Imperative Active

root sṛj with prefix vi, 2nd person singular imperative active

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

अबुद्धिः (abuddhiḥ) - unwise (unwise, ignorant, thoughtless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abuddhi

abuddhi - lack of intellect, unwise, foolish

negation (a-) of buddhi (intellect)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (a+buddhi)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, wisdom
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Could also be feminine, but context here refers to Arjunaka (implied subject of `tvam`).

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - to be killed, killable, worthy of being killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhya

vadhya - worthy of death, to be killed

Gerundive (Karmaṇi Prayoga)

gerundive from root vadh (substitute for han)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective.

अर्जुनक (arjunaka) - O Arjunaka (proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arjunaka

arjunaka - Arjunaka (a proper name)

diminutive/affectionate form of Arjuna

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Agent in passive construction (`na vadhyaḥ tvayā`).

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what? who? which?

हि (hi) - for (indeed, for, surely)

(indeclinable)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - one's own self (self (ātman))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Root: an (class 2)

गुरुम् (gurum) - a spiritual guide (teacher, spiritual guide (guru))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual master, heavy, important

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would appoint/make (would make, should do)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative Active

root kṛ, 3rd person singular optative active

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्राप्तव्ये (prāptavye) - in the matter of what is to be achieved (to be obtained, to be achieved; in the matter of what is to be achieved)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of prāptavya

prāptavya - to be obtained, to be reached, proper to be obtained

Gerundive

gerundive from root āp with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `sati`.

सति (sati) - when being (being, existing, when it is)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, real

Present Active Participle

present active participle of root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Present participle from `as` (to be).

चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - while reflecting (thinking, reflecting, pondering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintayat

cintayat - thinking, considering

Present Active Participle

present active participle of root cint (from cit, 10th class)

Root: cit (class 10)