महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1, verse-51

सर्प उवाच ।
निर्दोषं दोषवन्तं वा न त्वा मृत्यो ब्रवीम्यहम् ।
त्वयाहं चोदित इति ब्रवीम्येतावदेव तु ॥५१॥

51. sarpa uvāca ,
nirdoṣaṁ doṣavantaṁ vā na tvā mṛtyo bravīmyaham ,
tvayāhaṁ codita iti bravīmyetāvadeva tu.

51. sarpa uvāca nirdoṣam doṣavantam vā na tvā mṛtyo bravīmi
aham tvayā aham coditaḥ iti bravīmi etāvat eva tu

51. sarpa uvāca mṛtyo aham tvā nirdoṣam vā doṣavantam na
bravīmi tu aham tvayā coditaḥ iti etāvat eva bravīmi

51. The serpent said: 'O Death, I do not call you faultless or faulty. I only state this much: that I am impelled by you.'

Words meanings summery:

• सर्प (sarpa) - serpent, snake

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• निर्दोषम् (nirdoṣam) - faultless, blameless

• दोषवन्तम् (doṣavantam) - faulty, possessing fault

• वा (vā) - or

• न (na) - not, no

• त्वा (tvā) - you

• मृत्यो (mṛtyo) - O Death

• ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say, I speak

• अहम् (aham) - I

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• अहम् (aham) - I

• चोदितः (coditaḥ) - impelled, urged, instigated

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

• ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say, I speak

• एतावत् (etāvat) - only this much, so much

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

Words meanings and morphology

सर्प (sarpa) - serpent, snake

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - serpent, snake

From root sṛp (to creep, crawl)

Root: sṛp (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Irregular perfect form of root 'vac'.

निर्दोषम् (nirdoṣam) - faultless, blameless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirdoṣa

nirdoṣa - faultless, blameless, without fault

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'nir-' (without) + 'doṣa' (fault)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+doṣa)

• nis – out, forth, without
  prefix
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'tvā'.

दोषवन्तम् (doṣavantam) - faulty, possessing fault

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of doṣavat

doṣavat - faulty, possessing fault, blameable

Derived with suffix 'matup/vatup' from 'doṣa' (fault)

Note: Agrees with 'tvā'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

त्वा (tvā) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Shortened form of 'tvām'.

मृत्यो (mṛtyo) - O Death

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, Yama (the god of death)

From root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say, I speak

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

चोदितः (coditaḥ) - impelled, urged, instigated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of codita

codita - impelled, urged, instigated, commanded

Past Passive Participle

From root cud (to urge, impel)

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say, I speak

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

एतावत् (etāvat) - only this much, so much

(adjective)

neuter, singular of etāvat

etāvat - so much, this much, so many

From 'etad' (this) + suffix 'vat'

Note: Functions adverbially, modifying 'bravīmi'.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)