महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1, verse-59

लुब्धक उवाच ।
युवामुभौ कालवशौ यदि वै मृत्युपन्नगौ ।
हर्षक्रोधौ कथं स्यातामेतदिच्छामि वेदितुम् ॥५९॥

59. lubdhaka uvāca ,
yuvāmubhau kālavaśau yadi vai mṛtyupannagau ,
harṣakrodhau kathaṁ syātāmetadicchāmi veditum.

59. lubdhakaḥ uvāca | yuvām ubhau kālavaśau yadi vai mṛtyupannagau
| harṣakrodhau katham syātām etat icchāmi veditum

59. lubdhakaḥ uvāca yadi he mṛtyupannagau,
yuvām ubhau kālavaśau vai,
tarhi harṣakrodhau katham syātām? etat veditum icchāmi

59. The hunter said: 'If both of you, Death and the snake, are indeed subject to the control of time, then how can joy and anger arise? I wish to understand this.'

Words meanings summery:

• लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - hunter

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• युवाम् (yuvām) - you two

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• कालवशौ (kālavaśau) - subject to time, under the power of time

• यदि (yadi) - if

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• मृत्युपन्नगौ (mṛtyupannagau) - Death and the snake

• हर्षक्रोधौ (harṣakrodhau) - joy and anger

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• स्याताम् (syātām) - would arise, would exist (may be, would be)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand

Words meanings and morphology

लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - hunter

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lubdhaka

lubdhaka - hunter, fowler

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

युवाम् (yuvām) - you two

(pronoun)

Nominative, dual of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular, dual, plural)

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubhā

ubhā - both

कालवशौ (kālavaśau) - subject to time, under the power of time

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kālavaśa

kālavaśa - subject to time, under the power of time

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+vaśa)

• kāla – time, fate, destiny
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – power, control, will
  noun (masculine)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

मृत्युपन्नगौ (mṛtyupannagau) - Death and the snake

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mṛtyupannaga

mṛtyupannaga - Death and the snake

Compound type : dvandva (mṛtyu+pannaga)

• mṛtyu – death
  noun (masculine)
• pannaga – snake, reptile
  noun (masculine)

हर्षक्रोधौ (harṣakrodhau) - joy and anger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of harṣakrodha

harṣakrodha - joy and anger

Compound type : dvandva (harṣa+krodha)

• harṣa – joy, delight, pleasure
  noun (masculine)
• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

स्याताम् (syātām) - would arise, would exist (may be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand

(indeclinable)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Infinitive form, functioning as an indeclinable.