महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-1, verse-58

मृत्युरुवाच ।
विवशौ कालवशगावावां तद्दिष्टकारिणौ ।
नावां दोषेण गन्तव्यौ यदि सम्यक्प्रपश्यसि ॥५८॥

58. mṛtyuruvāca ,
vivaśau kālavaśagāvāvāṁ taddiṣṭakāriṇau ,
nāvāṁ doṣeṇa gantavyau yadi samyakprapaśyasi.

58. mṛtyuḥ uvāca | vivaśau kālavaśagau āvām tat diṣṭakāriṇau
| na āvām doṣeṇa gantavyau yadi samyak prapaśyasi

58. mṛtyuḥ uvāca āvām vivaśau kālavaśagau tat diṣṭakāriṇau yadi samyak prapaśyasi,
(tarhi) āvām doṣeṇa na gantavyau

58. Death said: 'We two are helpless and completely subject to time, merely carrying out what is ordained. We should not be found at fault if you truly understand.'

Words meanings summery:

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - Death

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विवशौ (vivaśau) - helpless, powerless

• कालवशगौ (kālavaśagau) - subject to time, bound by time

• आवाम् (āvām) - we two

• तत् (tat) - that (which is ordained) (that, this)

• दिष्टकारिणौ (diṣṭakāriṇau) - carrying out what is ordained

• न (na) - not

• आवाम् (āvām) - us two

• दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - by fault, with blame

• गन्तव्यौ (gantavyau) - to be blamed, to be considered at fault (to be gone to, to be blamed)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, rightly, completely

• प्रपश्यसि (prapaśyasi) - you truly understand (you see, you understand)

Words meanings and morphology

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - Death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, demise, mortality

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

विवशौ (vivaśau) - helpless, powerless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vivaśa

vivaśa - helpless, powerless, dependent, without choice

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+vaśa)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
• vaśa – control, power, will
  noun (masculine)

कालवशगौ (kālavaśagau) - subject to time, bound by time

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kālavaśaga

kālavaśaga - subject to time, bound by time's power

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+vaśa+ga)

• kāla – time, fate, destiny
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – power, control, will
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, being in, subject to
  adjective
  Suffix from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

आवाम् (āvām) - we two

(pronoun)

Nominative, dual of asmad

asmad - I, we

तत् (tat) - that (which is ordained) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Here functioning as a pronominal base for the compound 'diṣṭakāriṇau'.

दिष्टकारिणौ (diṣṭakāriṇau) - carrying out what is ordained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of diṣṭakārin

diṣṭakārin - carrying out destiny or divine will, performing what is ordained

Compound type : tatpurusha (diṣṭa+kārin)

• diṣṭa – ordained, fate, destiny, appointed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root diś (to point, indicate, ordain)
  Root: diś (class 6)
• kārin – doer, maker, performing
  adjective
  Agent noun from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आवाम् (āvām) - us two

(pronoun)

Accusative, dual of asmad

asmad - I, we

दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - by fault, with blame

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, blame, vice, error

गन्तव्यौ (gantavyau) - to be blamed, to be considered at fault (to be gone to, to be blamed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gantavya

gantavya - to be gone, to be attained, to be reached; fit to be blamed

Gerundive (future passive participle)

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, rightly, completely

(indeclinable)

प्रपश्यसि (prapaśyasi) - you truly understand (you see, you understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paś

Present tense form of root dṛś (to see) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)