योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-50, verse-28

स्वानुभूतानि दुःखानि स्वात्मैव त्यक्तुमिच्छति ।
तेनात्मैवात्मविज्ञाने हेतुरेकः परः स्मृतः ॥ २८ ॥

svānubhūtāni duḥkhāni svātmaiva tyaktumicchati ,
tenātmaivātmavijñāne heturekaḥ paraḥ smṛtaḥ 28

28. svānubhūtāni duḥkhāni svātmā eva tyaktum icchati
tena ātmā eva ātmavijñāne hetuḥ ekaḥ paraḥ smṛtaḥ

28. svānubhūtāni duḥkhāni svātmā eva tyaktum icchati
tena ātmavijñāne ātmā eva ekaḥ paraḥ hetuḥ smṛtaḥ

28. One's own Self (ātman) desires to relinquish the sufferings (duḥkha) that it has personally experienced. Therefore, the Self (ātman) alone is regarded as the singular, supreme cause for the knowledge of the Self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• स्वानुभूतानि (svānubhūtāni) - personally experienced, self-experienced

• दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sufferings, pains, sorrows

• स्वात्मा (svātmā) - one's own Self

• एव (eva) - alone, only, indeed

• त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum) - to abandon, to relinquish, to give up

• इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

• तेन (tena) - by that, therefore, for that reason

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the Self, soul, spirit

• एव (eva) - emphasizes that the Self is the *only* supreme cause (alone, only, indeed)

• आत्मविज्ञाने (ātmavijñāne) - in the knowledge of the Self, in the realization of the Self

• हेतुः (hetuḥ) - cause, reason, means

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, single, unique

• परः (paraḥ) - supreme, excellent, highest

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is remembered, is considered, is traditionally taught

Words meanings and morphology

स्वानुभूतानि (svānubhūtāni) - personally experienced, self-experienced

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, plural of svānubhūta

svānubhūta - personally experienced, felt by oneself

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'sva' (one's own) and 'anubhūta' (experienced, PPP of anubhū).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+anubhūta)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun
• anubhūta – experienced, felt, perceived
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root bhū (to be) with prefix anu (after, resembling, with).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'duḥkhāni'.

दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sufferings, pains, sorrows

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery, uneasiness

स्वात्मा (svātmā) - one's own Self

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svātman

svātman - one's own self, individual self

Compound of 'sva' (one's own) and 'ātman' (Self).

एव (eva) - alone, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum) - to abandon, to relinquish, to give up

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form from root tyaj (to abandon).

Root: tyaj (class 1)

इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present tense 3rd person singular of root iṣ (to wish).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

तेन (tena) - by that, therefore, for that reason

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here adverbially to mean 'therefore' or 'for that reason', referring to the previous statement.

आत्मा (ātmā) - the Self, soul, spirit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - Self, soul, spirit, essence, life, individual soul

एव (eva) - emphasizes that the Self is the *only* supreme cause (alone, only, indeed)

(indeclinable)

आत्मविज्ञाने (ātmavijñāne) - in the knowledge of the Self, in the realization of the Self

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ātmavijñāna

ātmavijñāna - knowledge of the Self, self-realization

Compound of 'ātman' (Self) and 'vijñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+vijñāna)

• ātman – Self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• vijñāna – knowledge, understanding, discernment, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (to know) with prefix vi (apart, distinctly).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: jñā (class 9)

हेतुः (hetuḥ) - cause, reason, means

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

From root hi (to send, to impel).

Root: hi (class 3)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, single, unique

(numeral)

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'hetuḥ'.

परः (paraḥ) - supreme, excellent, highest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, ultimate, highest, other, excellent

Note: Modifies 'hetuḥ'.

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is remembered, is considered, is traditionally taught

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, thought of, traditionally taught

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root smṛ (to remember).

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as the predicate of the sentence.