वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-35, verse-52

युध्यमानस्य रक्षोभिस्ततस्तैः क्रूरकर्मभिः ।
प्रपतेयं हि ते पृष्ठद्भयार्ता कपिसत्तम ॥५२॥

52. yudhyamānasya rakṣobhistatastaiḥ krūrakarmabhiḥ ,
prapateyaṃ hi te pṛṣṭhadbhayārtā kapisattama.

52. yudhyamānasya rakṣobhiḥ tataḥ taiḥ krūrakarmabhiḥ
prapateyam hi te pṛṣṭhat bhayārtā kapisattama

52. O best of monkeys, while you are fighting those cruel-acting demons, I, afflicted by fear, might indeed fall from your back.

Words meanings summery:

• युध्यमानस्य (yudhyamānasya) - of you, while you are fighting (of one who is fighting, while fighting)

• रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by demons, by rākṣasas

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereupon

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those demons (by them)

• क्रूरकर्मभिः (krūrakarmabhiḥ) - by the demons (rakṣobhiḥ) who perform cruel deeds (by those of cruel deeds, by cruel-acting)

• प्रपतेयम् (prapateyam) - I might fall down

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• ते (te) - from you

• पृष्ठत् (pṛṣṭhat) - from your back (from the back)

• भयार्ता (bhayārtā) - I, being afflicted by fear (afflicted by fear, terrified)

• कपिसत्तम (kapisattama) - O Hanumān, best among the monkeys (O best of monkeys)

Words meanings and morphology

युध्यमानस्य (yudhyamānasya) - of you, while you are fighting (of one who is fighting, while fighting)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhyamāna

yudhyamāna - fighting, warring

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yudh (class 4) with śānac suffix in active voice, expressing contemporaneous action.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Used here with an ablative sense ('from one fighting') or as a genitive of circumstance modifying the implied 'you'.

रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by demons, by rākṣasas

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, rākṣasa

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to pronoun ta-.

तैः (taiḥ) - by those demons (by them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'rakṣobhiḥ'.

क्रूरकर्मभिः (krūrakarmabhiḥ) - by the demons (rakṣobhiḥ) who perform cruel deeds (by those of cruel deeds, by cruel-acting)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of krūrakarman

krūrakarman - one whose deeds are cruel, cruel-acting

Compound type : bahuvrihi (krūra+karman)

• krūra – cruel, fierce, harsh
  adjective (masculine)
• karman – action, deed, work
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'rakṣobhiḥ' and 'taiḥ'.

प्रपतेयम् (prapateyam) - I might fall down

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pat

Optative Mood, 1st Person Singular

From root pat (class 1) with upasarga pra. The root form is pra-pat.

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The subject 'I' (Sītā) is implied by the verb ending.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - from you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Functions as an ablative in context with 'pṛṣṭhat' ('from you').

पृष्ठत् (pṛṣṭhat) - from your back (from the back)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, surface, top

भयार्ता (bhayārtā) - I, being afflicted by fear (afflicted by fear, terrified)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhayārta

bhayārta - afflicted by fear

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+ārta)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛ (to go, to move) with kta suffix, meaning 'gone wrong' or 'afflicted'.
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'I' (Sītā).

कपिसत्तम (kapisattama) - O Hanumān, best among the monkeys (O best of monkeys)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kapisattama

kapisattama - best among monkeys

Compound of kapi (monkey) and sattama (best, excellent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kapi+sattama)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent (superlative of sat)
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix tama applied to sat (good, existing).