वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-35, verse-43

प्राकृतो ऽन्यः कथं चेमां भूमिमागन्तुमर्हति ।
उदधेरप्रमेयस्य पारं वानरपुंगव ॥४३॥

43. prākṛto'nyaḥ kathaṃ cemāṃ bhūmimāgantumarhati ,
udadheraprameyasya pāraṃ vānarapuṃgava.

43. prākṛtaḥ anyaḥ katham ca imām bhūmim āgantum
arhati udadheḥ aprameyasya pāram vānara-puṅgava

43. O best of monkeys, how could any other ordinary being be able to come to this land, across the immeasurable ocean?

Words meanings summery:

• प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) - ordinary being (ordinary, common, natural)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - any other (being) (another, other, different)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• च (ca) - else (and, also, moreover)

• इमाम् (imām) - this (land) (this)

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land, earth, ground

• आगन्तुम् (āgantum) - to come, to arrive

• अर्हति (arhati) - be able (is able, is worthy, ought)

• उदधेः (udadheḥ) - of the ocean

• अप्रमेयस्य (aprameyasya) - immeasurable, incomprehensible, boundless

• पारम् (pāram) - across (the ocean) (shore, opposite bank, other side, end)

• वानर-पुङ्गव (vānara-puṅgava) - O chief of monkeys, O best of monkeys

Words meanings and morphology

प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) - ordinary being (ordinary, common, natural)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prākṛta

prākṛta - ordinary, common, natural, vulgar

Derived from 'prakṛti' (nature, origin) with 'aṇ' suffix.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - any other (being) (another, other, different)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - another, other, different

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

च (ca) - else (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

इमाम् (imām) - this (land) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'bhūmim'.

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land, earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, land, ground, soil

From root 'bhū' (to be, to exist).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āgantum'.

आगन्तुम् (āgantum) - to come, to arrive

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā-' (towards) and infinitive suffix '-tum'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

अर्हति (arhati) - be able (is able, is worthy, ought)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

उदधेः (udadheḥ) - of the ocean

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of udadhi

udadhi - ocean, sea

From 'ud' (water) + root 'dhā' (to hold).

Root: dhā (class 3)

अप्रमेयस्य (aprameyasya) - immeasurable, incomprehensible, boundless

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aprameya

aprameya - immeasurable, incomprehensible, boundless, unlimited

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya)

From 'a-' (negation) + 'prameya' (measurable, knowable). 'prameya' from 'pra-' + root 'mā' (to measure).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+prameya)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
• prameya – measurable, knowable, provable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From prefix 'pra-' + root 'mā' (to measure) + '-ya' suffix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'udadheḥ'.

पारम् (pāram) - across (the ocean) (shore, opposite bank, other side, end)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāra

pāra - shore, opposite bank, other side, end, limit

From root 'pṛ' (to cross, carry over).

Root: pṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the destination or extent of movement.

वानर-पुङ्गव (vānara-puṅgava) - O chief of monkeys, O best of monkeys

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vānara-puṅgava

vānara-puṅgava - chief of monkeys, best of monkeys

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (vānara+puṅgava)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, preeminent, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct address to Hanumān.

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