महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-50, verse-48

ततो गाण्डीवधन्वानमब्रवीन्मधुसूदनः ।
दृष्ट्वा पार्थं तदायस्तं चिन्तापरिगतं तदा ॥४८॥

48. tato gāṇḍīvadhanvānamabravīnmadhusūdanaḥ ,
dṛṣṭvā pārthaṁ tadāyastaṁ cintāparigataṁ tadā.

48. tataḥ gāṇḍīvadhanvānam abravīt madhusūdanaḥ
dṛṣṭvā pārtham tadā āyastam cintāparigatam tadā

48. tataḥ madhusūdanaḥ,
tadā āyastam cintāparigatam pārtham dṛṣṭvā,
gāṇḍīvadhanvānam tadā abravīt

48. Then Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of Madhu (Madhusūdana), spoke to the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (Arjuna), having seen Pārtha troubled and overwhelmed by anxiety at that moment.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, therefore

• गाण्डीवधन्वानम् (gāṇḍīvadhanvānam) - to him who holds the Gāṇḍīva bow, to Arjuna

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - the slayer of Madhu, Kṛṣṇa

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha, Arjuna

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आयस्तम् (āyastam) - distressed, troubled, fatigued

• चिन्तापरिगतम् (cintāparigatam) - overwhelmed by anxiety, surrounded by worry

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, therefore

(indeclinable)

गाण्डीवधन्वानम् (gāṇḍīvadhanvānam) - to him who holds the Gāṇḍīva bow, to Arjuna

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - one whose bow is Gāṇḍīva (epithet of Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanvan)

• gāṇḍīva – the name of Arjuna's bow (proper noun)
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - the slayer of Madhu, Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey; sweet; a demon (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer, crusher
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sūd

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √dṛś (to see) with the suffix '-ktvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha, Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); Arjuna (proper noun)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

आयस्तम् (āyastam) - distressed, troubled, fatigued

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyasta

āyasta - distressed, troubled, fatigued, weary

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √yas (to exert) with the prefix 'ā' and the suffix '-kta'.

Prefix: ā

Root: yas (class 4)

चिन्तापरिगतम् (cintāparigatam) - overwhelmed by anxiety, surrounded by worry

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of cintāparigata

cintāparigata - overwhelmed by anxiety, surrounded by thought/worry

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cintā+parigata)

• cintā – worry, anxiety, thought
  noun (feminine)
• parigata – surrounded, encompassed, overcome, fallen into
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √gam (to go) with the prefix 'pari' and the suffix '-kta'.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: gam (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)