महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-50, verse-44

बहवः पक्षिणो राजन्पुंनामानः शुभाः शिवाः ।
त्वरयन्तोऽर्जुनं युद्धे हृष्टरूपा ववाशिरे ॥४४॥

44. bahavaḥ pakṣiṇo rājanpuṁnāmānaḥ śubhāḥ śivāḥ ,
tvarayanto'rjunaṁ yuddhe hṛṣṭarūpā vavāśire.

44. bahavaḥ pakṣiṇaḥ rājan punnāmānaḥ śubhāḥ śivāḥ
tvarayantaḥ arjunam yuddhe hṛṣṭarūpāḥ vavāśire

44. rājan,
bahavaḥ punnāmānaḥ śubhāḥ śivāḥ hṛṣṭarūpāḥ pakṣiṇaḥ yuddhe arjunam tvarayantaḥ vavāśire

44. O King, many auspicious and benevolent male birds, with joyful forms, cried out, encouraging Arjuna in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

• राजन् (rājan) - Vocative, addressing the listener. (O king)

• पुन्नामानः (punnāmānaḥ) - Null, describes the birds as male, indicating a good omen. (male-named, having male names, male (birds))

• शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious, beautiful, brilliant

• शिवाः (śivāḥ) - propitious, benevolent, fortunate

• त्वरयन्तः (tvarayantaḥ) - encouraging (Arjuna) (hastening, encouraging, accelerating)

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna (proper name)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• हृष्टरूपाः (hṛṣṭarūpāḥ) - joyful in appearance, having cheerful forms

• ववाशिरे (vavāśire) - (birds) chirped, sang, cried out (they cried out, they roared, they made sounds)

Words meanings and morphology

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

Note: Agrees with `pakṣiṇaḥ`.

पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird, winged creature

Note: Subject of `vavāśire`.

राजन् (rājan) - Vocative, addressing the listener. (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पुन्नामानः (punnāmānaḥ) - Null, describes the birds as male, indicating a good omen. (male-named, having male names, male (birds))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of punnāman

punnāman - having a male name, male

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puṃ+nāman)

• puṃ – male, man
  noun (masculine)
• nāman – name
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `pakṣiṇaḥ`.

शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious, beautiful, brilliant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious

Note: Agrees with `pakṣiṇaḥ`.

शिवाः (śivāḥ) - propitious, benevolent, fortunate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent, prosperous

Note: Agrees with `pakṣiṇaḥ`.

त्वरयन्तः (tvarayantaḥ) - encouraging (Arjuna) (hastening, encouraging, accelerating)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarayat

tvarayat - hastening, causing to hasten

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Present Active Participle of the causative of root tvar (to hasten).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `pakṣiṇaḥ`.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name), white, clear

Note: Object of `tvarayantaḥ`.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (n.)

Derived from root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

हृष्टरूपाः (hṛṣṭarūpāḥ) - joyful in appearance, having cheerful forms

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭarūpa

hṛṣṭarūpa - having a joyful appearance, cheerful-looking

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛṣṭa+rūpa)

• hṛṣṭa – rejoiced, delighted, excited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice).
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• rūpa – form, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `pakṣiṇaḥ`.

ववाशिरे (vavāśire) - (birds) chirped, sang, cried out (they cried out, they roared, they made sounds)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (lit) of vāś

Perfect tense

Perfect third person plural middle voice of root vāś.

Root: vāś (class 1)