महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-50, verse-39

आज्ञप्तस्त्वथ कृष्णेन दारुको राजसत्तम ।
योजयामास स रथं वैयाघ्रं शत्रुतापनम् ॥३९॥

39. ājñaptastvatha kṛṣṇena dāruko rājasattama ,
yojayāmāsa sa rathaṁ vaiyāghraṁ śatrutāpanam.

39. ājñaptaḥ tu atha kṛṣṇena dārukaḥ rājasattama
yojayāmāsa sa ratham vaiyāghram śatrutāpanam

39. atha rājasattama kṛṣṇena ājñaptaḥ tu dārukaḥ
sa ratham vaiyāghram śatrutāpanam yojayāmāsa

39. Then, O best among kings, Dāruka, having been commanded by Kṛṣṇa, harnessed that tiger-skinned chariot, which was terrifying to foes.

Words meanings summery:

• आज्ञप्तः (ājñaptaḥ) - commanded, ordered

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, then

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thus

• कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Kṛṣṇa

• दारुकः (dārukaḥ) - Dāruka

• राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best among kings

• योजयामास (yojayāmāsa) - he harnessed, caused to be joined

• स (sa) - he (referring to Dāruka) (that, he)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• वैयाघ्रम् (vaiyāghram) - tiger-skinned, belonging to a tiger

• शत्रुतापनम् (śatrutāpanam) - terrifying to foes, causing distress to enemies

Words meanings and morphology

आज्ञप्तः (ājñaptaḥ) - commanded, ordered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ājñapta

ājñapta - commanded, ordered, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From verb root √jñā (to know) with prefixes ā- and pra- (to command)

Prefixes: ā+pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, then

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thus

(indeclinable)

कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (name of a deity), dark, black

दारुकः (dārukaḥ) - Dāruka

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāruka

dāruka - Dāruka (Kṛṣṇa's charioteer)

राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best among kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best of kings, most excellent king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine, feminine, neuter)
  Superlative suffix -tama

योजयामास (yojayāmāsa) - he harnessed, caused to be joined

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of yojayāmāsa

Causative Reduplicated Perfect

From causative form yojayati of root √yuj (to join, connect), with perfect suffix āmāsa

Root: yuj (class 7)

स (sa) - he (referring to Dāruka) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

वैयाघ्रम् (vaiyāghram) - tiger-skinned, belonging to a tiger

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaiyāghra

vaiyāghra - belonging to a tiger, tiger-like, tiger-skinned

Derived from vyāghra (tiger)

शत्रुतापनम् (śatrutāpanam) - terrifying to foes, causing distress to enemies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatrutāpana

śatrutāpana - terrifying enemies, tormenting foes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+tāpana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• tāpana – causing heat/distress, terrifying, tormenting
  adjective (masculine, feminine, neuter)
  Agent noun from causative
  From causative of root √tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)