महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-50, verse-28

संजय उवाच ।
ततो धनंजयो राजञ्शिरसा प्रणतस्तदा ।
पादौ जग्राह पाणिभ्यां भ्रातुर्ज्येष्ठस्य मारिष ॥२८॥

28. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tato dhanaṁjayo rājañśirasā praṇatastadā ,
pādau jagrāha pāṇibhyāṁ bhrāturjyeṣṭhasya māriṣa.

28. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tataḥ dhanañjayaḥ rājan śirasā praṇataḥ
tadā pādau jagrāha pāṇibhyām bhrātuḥ jyeṣṭhasya māriṣa

28. saṃjayaḥ uvāca rājan māriṣa tataḥ dhanañjayaḥ śirasā
praṇataḥ tadā jyeṣṭhasya bhrātuḥ pādau pāṇibhyām jagrāha

28. Saṃjaya said: 'Then, O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) bowed with his head at that time and grasped the feet of his elder brother (Yudhiṣṭhira) with both hands, O respected one.'

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - The charioteer Saṃjaya, narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Saṃjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhanañjaya; Arjuna)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• शिरसा (śirasā) - with the head

• प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed, saluted, humbled

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• पादौ (pādau) - the feet (of Yudhiṣṭhira) (two feet)

• जग्राह (jagrāha) - grasped, seized, took

• पाणिभ्याम् (pāṇibhyām) - with two hands

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (of the brother)

• ज्येष्ठस्य (jyeṣṭhasya) - of the eldest (Yudhiṣṭhira) (of the eldest)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Saṃjaya) (O respected one, O honorable one)

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - The charioteer Saṃjaya, narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Saṃjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - complete victory; a proper name, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer

Compound 'sam' (together, completely) + 'jaya' (victory).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sam+jaya)

• sam – together, with, completely
  indeclinable
  Prefix/upasarga.
• jaya – victory, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, irregular form.

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence

(indeclinable)

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhanañjaya; Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth; an epithet of Arjuna

Compound 'dhana' (wealth) + 'jaya' (conqueror).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'jagrāha'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

शिरसा (śirasā) - with the head

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull

Note: Indicates the instrument of bowing.

प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed, saluted, humbled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, bent, humble, saluted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'nam' (to bow) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Dhanañjaya.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

पादौ (pādau) - the feet (of Yudhiṣṭhira) (two feet)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter

Note: Object of 'jagrāha'.

जग्राह (jagrāha) - grasped, seized, took

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of grah

Perfect tense, irregular form.

From root 'grah' (to seize).

Root: grah (class 9)

पाणिभ्याम् (pāṇibhyām) - with two hands

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand

Note: Instrument of 'jagrāha'.

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (of the brother)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Possessive, referring to 'jyeṣṭhasya'.

ज्येष्ठस्य (jyeṣṭhasya) - of the eldest (Yudhiṣṭhira) (of the eldest)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, senior, principal

Superlative of 'yuvan' (young) or 'vṛddha' (old).

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātuḥ'.

मारिष (māriṣa) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Saṃjaya) (O respected one, O honorable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - respected, honorable (form of address)