महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-31, verse-5

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
कथं संजय राधेयः प्रत्यव्यूहत पाण्डवान् ।
धृष्टद्युम्नमुखान्वीरान्भीमसेनाभिरक्षितान् ॥५॥

5. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
kathaṁ saṁjaya rādheyaḥ pratyavyūhata pāṇḍavān ,
dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhānvīrānbhīmasenābhirakṣitān.

5. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca katham saṃjaya rādheyaḥ prati avyūhat
pāṇḍavān dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhān vīrān bhīmasena abhirakṣitān

5. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca saṃjaya,
rādheyaḥ dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhān bhīmasena abhirakṣitān vīrān pāṇḍavān katham prati avyūhat?

5. Dhritarashtra said, "O Sanjaya, how did Radheya (Karna) array his forces against the Pandavas, those heroes who were led by Dhrishtadyumna and protected by Bhimasena?"

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

• राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Radheya, son of Radha (Karna)

• प्रति (prati) - against, towards

• अव्यूहत् (avyūhat) - he arrayed, he deployed

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

• धृष्टद्युम्नमुखान् (dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhān) - with Dhrishtadyumna as their chief/leader

• वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes, valiant ones

• भीमसेन (bhīmasena) - Bhimasena (Bhima)

• अभिरक्षितान् (abhirakṣitān) - protected, guarded

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king), one who holds the kingdom

Compound of `dhṛta` (held) and `rāṣṭra` (kingdom).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, supported
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dhṛ` (to hold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, nation, realm
  noun (neuter)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: vac (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer), victorious

राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Radheya, son of Radha (Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Radha (Karna)

`ḍhak` suffix from `rādhā` (Radha, Karna's foster mother).

प्रति (prati) - against, towards

(indeclinable)

Prefix for `avyūhat`.

Note: Acts as an upasarga to the verb `avyūhat`.

अव्यूहत् (avyūhat) - he arrayed, he deployed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ūh

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. From root `ūh` with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, related to Pandu

`aṇ` suffix from `paṇḍu`.

धृष्टद्युम्नमुखान् (dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhān) - with Dhrishtadyumna as their chief/leader

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhṛṣṭadyumnamukha

dhṛṣṭadyumnamukha - having Dhrishtadyumna as the chief/foremost

Bahuvrihi compound: 'he whose face/chief is Dhrishtadyumna'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛṣṭadyumna+mukha)

• dhṛṣṭadyumna – Dhrishtadyumna (name of a Pandava commander)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, chief, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes `pāṇḍavān`.

वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes, valiant ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant

Note: Describes `pāṇḍavān`.

भीमसेन (bhīmasena) - Bhimasena (Bhima)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (one of the Pandavas), having a formidable army

Bahuvrihi compound: 'he whose army (`senā`) is formidable (`bhīma`).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
• senā – army, host, forces
  noun (feminine)

Note: This word functions as the agent of protection for `abhirakṣitān` (protected by Bhimasena).

अभिरक्षितान् (abhirakṣitān) - protected, guarded

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of abhirakṣita

rakṣ - to protect, to guard, to defend

Past Passive Participle

From root `rakṣ` with prefix `abhi`.

Prefix: abhi

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Describes `pāṇḍavān`.