महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-31, verse-22

अश्वत्थामा कुरूणां च ये प्रवीरा महारथाः ।
नित्यमत्ताश्च मातङ्गाः शूरैर्म्लेच्छैरधिष्ठिताः ।
अन्वयुस्तद्रथानीकं क्षरन्त इव तोयदाः ॥२२॥

22. aśvatthāmā kurūṇāṁ ca ye pravīrā mahārathāḥ ,
nityamattāśca mātaṅgāḥ śūrairmlecchairadhiṣṭhitāḥ ,
anvayustadrathānīkaṁ kṣaranta iva toyadāḥ.

22. aśvatthāmā kurūṇām ca ye pravīrāḥ
mahārathāḥ nityamattāḥ ca mātaṅgāḥ
śūraiḥ mlecchaiḥ adhiṣṭhitāḥ anvayuḥ
tat rathānīkam kṣarantaḥ iva toyadāḥ

22. aśvatthāmā ca ye kurūṇām pravīrāḥ
mahārathāḥ ca nityamattāḥ mātaṅgāḥ
śūraiḥ mlecchaiḥ adhiṣṭhitāḥ toyadāḥ
iva kṣarantaḥ tat rathānīkam anvayuḥ

22. Aśvatthāmā and those other supreme Kuru warriors, great chariot fighters, along with the perpetually rutting elephants (mātaṅga) guided by brave Mleccha warriors, followed that chariot division, appearing like clouds (toyada) pouring down rain.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (proper noun)

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

• च (ca) - and

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• प्रवीराः (pravīrāḥ) - excellent heroes, supreme warriors

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot warriors, mighty charioteers

• नित्यमत्ताः (nityamattāḥ) - perpetually in rut, always intoxicated

• च (ca) - and

• मातङ्गाः (mātaṅgāḥ) - elephants

• शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave ones, by heroes

• म्लेच्छैः (mlecchaiḥ) - by Mlecchas (foreigners, barbarians)

• अधिष्ठिताः (adhiṣṭhitāḥ) - controlled, commanded, stationed

• अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

• तत् (tat) - that

• रथानीकम् (rathānīkam) - chariot army, division of chariots

• क्षरन्तः (kṣarantaḥ) - flowing, streaming, pouring

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• तोयदाः (toyadāḥ) - clouds (givers of water)

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a Kuru (member of the Kuru dynasty), name of an ancient tribe

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

प्रवीराः (pravīrāḥ) - excellent heroes, supreme warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravīra

pravīra - excellent hero, eminent warrior, chief of heroes

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pra+vīra)

• pra – forward, onward, in front, excellent
  indeclinable
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
  noun (masculine)

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot warriors, mighty charioteers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot warrior, hero capable of fighting many thousands of warriors

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who rides a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

नित्यमत्ताः (nityamattāḥ) - perpetually in rut, always intoxicated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nityamatta

nityamatta - always in rut (of elephants), perpetually intoxicated

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nitya+matta)

• nitya – constant, perpetual, eternal
  adjective
• matta – intoxicated, in rut (of an elephant), arrogant
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from √mad (to rejoice, be intoxicated)
  Root: mad (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मातङ्गाः (mātaṅgāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mātaṅga

mātaṅga - elephant (specifically a wild elephant or an elephant from the Mātanga region)

शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave ones, by heroes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, heroic, warrior

म्लेच्छैः (mlecchaiḥ) - by Mlecchas (foreigners, barbarians)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mleccha

mleccha - a barbarian, foreigner, non-Aryan

अधिष्ठिताः (adhiṣṭhitāḥ) - controlled, commanded, stationed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhiṣṭhita

adhiṣṭhita - controlled, supervised, ridden (by an elephant driver), stationed

Past Passive Participle

derived from √sthā (to stand) with prefix adhi

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)

अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, aorist (luṅ) of anuv √i

root √i (to go) preceded by anu

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रथानीकम् (rathānīkam) - chariot army, division of chariots

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rathānīka

rathānīka - division of chariots, chariot army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+anīka)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, division of an army
  noun (neuter)

क्षरन्तः (kṣarantaḥ) - flowing, streaming, pouring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣarant

kṣarant - flowing, dripping, pouring

Present Active Participle

derived from √kṣar (to flow, trickle)

Root: kṣar (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

तोयदाः (toyadāḥ) - clouds (givers of water)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of toyada

toyada - cloud (giver of water)

Derived from toya (water) + √dā (to give)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (toya+da)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing
  adjective
  derived from √dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)