महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-31, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततः परानीकभिदं व्यूहमप्रतिमं परैः ।
समीक्ष्य कर्णः पार्थानां धृष्टद्युम्नाभिरक्षितम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tataḥ parānīkabhidaṁ vyūhamapratimaṁ paraiḥ ,
samīkṣya karṇaḥ pārthānāṁ dhṛṣṭadyumnābhirakṣitam.

1. sañjaya uvāca tataḥ para-anīka-bhidam vyūham apratimam
paraiḥ samīkṣya karṇaḥ pārthānām dhṛṣṭadyumnā-abhirakṣitam

1. sañjaya uvāca tataḥ karṇaḥ pārthānām dhṛṣṭadyumnā-abhirakṣitam
para-anīka-bhidam paraiḥ apratimam vyūham samīkṣya

1. Sañjaya said: Then Karna, observing that battle formation of the Pārthas (sons of Pṛthā), which was protected by Dhṛṣṭadyumna and was unparalleled by enemies, being a breaker of enemy armies...

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, thereafter

• पर-अनीक-भिदम् (para-anīka-bhidam) - breaker of enemy armies

• व्यूहम् (vyūham) - battle formation, array

• अप्रतिमम् (apratimam) - unparalleled, unequalled, incomparable

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies (by enemies, by others)

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, having inspected

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the Pārthas (Pandavas) (of the sons of Pritha, of the Pandavas)

• धृष्टद्युम्ना-अभिरक्षितम् (dhṛṣṭadyumnā-abhirakṣitam) - protected by Dhrishtadyumna

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative

Third person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Root: tad

पर-अनीक-भिदम् (para-anīka-bhidam) - breaker of enemy armies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of para-anīka-bhid

para-anīka-bhid - breaking the army of enemies

Compound adjective. `bhid` is a noun formed from `√bhid` (to break).

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+anīka+bhid)

• para – enemy, other, supreme
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, array
  noun (neuter)
• bhid – breaking, splitter
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √bhid.
  Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Refers to `vyūham`.

व्यूहम् (vyūham) - battle formation, array

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - battle array, formation, arrangement

Derived from `vi-√ūh` (to arrange, to dispose).

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

अप्रतिमम् (apratimam) - unparalleled, unequalled, incomparable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apratima

apratima - unequalled, incomparable, matchless

Compound with negative prefix `a-` and `pratima` (image, likeness).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pratima)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• pratima – image, likeness, measure
  noun (feminine)

परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies (by enemies, by others)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, enemy, supreme, highest

Note: Used with `apratimam` (unparalleled by enemies).

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, having inspected

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of √īkṣ with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (son of Surya and Kunti)

पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the Pārthas (Pandavas) (of the sons of Pritha, of the Pandavas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna, Pandava

Taddhita derivation from Pṛthā + aṇ.

धृष्टद्युम्ना-अभिरक्षितम् (dhṛṣṭadyumnā-abhirakṣitam) - protected by Dhrishtadyumna

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumnā-abhirakṣita

dhṛṣṭadyumnā-abhirakṣita - well-protected by Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Compound. `abhirakṣita` is a past passive participle of `abhi-√rakṣ` (to protect).

Compound type : tatpurusha (instrumental) (dhṛṣṭadyumna+abhirakṣita)

• dhṛṣṭadyumna – Dhrishtadyumna (name of Draupadi's brother and commander of Pandava army)
  proper noun (masculine)
• abhirakṣita – protected, guarded
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of `abhi-√rakṣ`.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)