महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-31, verse-36

संजय उवाच ।
इत्युक्तो धर्मराजेन तथेत्युक्त्वा धनंजयः ।
व्यादिदेश स्वसैन्यानि स्वयं चागाच्चमूमुखम् ॥३६॥

36. saṁjaya uvāca ,
ityukto dharmarājena tathetyuktvā dhanaṁjayaḥ ,
vyādideśa svasainyāni svayaṁ cāgāccamūmukham.

36. saṃjaya uvāca iti uktaḥ dharmarājena tathā iti uktvā
dhanaṃjayaḥ vyādideśa sva sainyāni svayam ca agāt camūmukham

36. saṃjayaḥ uvāca dharmarājena iti uktaḥ dhanaṃjayaḥ tathā
iti uktvā sva sainyāni vyādideśa ca svayam camūmukham agāt

36. Sanjaya said: Thus addressed by Dharmarāja, Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna), saying "So be it," commanded his own armies and himself proceeded to the vanguard of the army.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - The charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who narrates the events of the Mahābhārata war. (Sanjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - introducing the quoted statement (thus, so, in this way; a particle marking quotation)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Dharmarāja) (said, spoken, addressed)

• धर्मराजेन (dharmarājena) - by Yudhiṣṭhira (by the king of righteousness)

• तथा (tathā) - "so be it", "yes" (so, thus, in that manner; yes, all right)

• इति (iti) - marking the quoted statement (thus, so, in this way; a particle marking quotation)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said "So be it" (having said, having spoken)

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth; a name for Arjuna)

• व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - ordered, commanded, directed

• स्व (sva) - one's own, his own

• सैन्यानि (sainyāni) - armies, troops

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, oneself, personally

• च (ca) - and, also

• अगात् (agāt) - went, proceeded

• चमूमुखम् (camūmukham) - vanguard of the army

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - The charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who narrates the events of the Mahābhārata war. (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - victorious, conqueror; a proper name

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root 'vac' changes to 'uvāca' in perfect.

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - introducing the quoted statement (thus, so, in this way; a particle marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Dharmarāja) (said, spoken, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with Dhanaṃjayaḥ

धर्मराजेन (dharmarājena) - by Yudhiṣṭhira (by the king of righteousness)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law (dharma), duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Agent of the action 'addressed' (uktaḥ)

तथा (tathā) - "so be it", "yes" (so, thus, in that manner; yes, all right)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - marking the quoted statement (thus, so, in this way; a particle marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said "So be it" (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth; a name for Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth; a name of Arjuna

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+ṃjaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• ṃjaya – conqueror (from root ji)
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'commanded' and 'proceeded'

व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - ordered, commanded, directed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vyādiś

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root 'diś' with upasargas 'vi' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

स्व (sva) - one's own, his own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sva

sva - one's own, his own

Note: Adjective modifying sainyāni.

सैन्यानि (sainyāni) - armies, troops

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, troops, military forces

Note: Object of 'commanded'

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, oneself, personally

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes Arjuna's personal action

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions of Arjuna.

अगात् (agāt) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of gam

Aorist Active

Aorist tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. With augment 'a'.

Root: gam (class 1)

चमूमुखम् (camūmukham) - vanguard of the army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of camūmukha

camūmukha - front of the army, vanguard

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (camū+mukha)

• camū – army, host, forces
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – mouth, face, front, entrance, chief
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'went'