महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-31, verse-3

वेपमान इव क्रोधाद्युद्धशौण्डः परंतपः ।
प्रतिव्यूह्य महातेजा यथावद्भरतर्षभ ॥३॥

3. vepamāna iva krodhādyuddhaśauṇḍaḥ paraṁtapaḥ ,
prativyūhya mahātejā yathāvadbharatarṣabha.

3. vepamānaḥ iva krodhāt yuddha-śauṇḍaḥ paraṃtapaḥ
prativyūhya mahā-tejāḥ yathāvat bharatarṣabha

3. bharatarṣabha yuddha-śauṇḍaḥ paraṃtapaḥ mahā-tejāḥ
krodhāt vepamānaḥ iva yathāvat prativyūhya

3. ...the greatly refulgent tormentor of enemies, eager for battle, as if trembling with rage, having properly arrayed his own forces in counter-formation, O best of the Bharatas.

Words meanings summery:

• वेपमानः (vepamānaḥ) - trembling, shaking

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, due to wrath

• युद्ध-शौण्डः (yuddha-śauṇḍaḥ) - eager for battle, fond of fighting, fierce in battle

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes

• प्रतिव्यूह्य (prativyūhya) - having arrayed in opposition, having counter-formed

• महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly refulgent, mighty, possessing great energy

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, duly, according to the rule

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Dhritarashtra (O best of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

वेपमानः (vepamānaḥ) - trembling, shaking

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vepamāna

vepamāna - trembling, shaking, agitated

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle (nominative singular masculine) of √vep (to tremble, shake).

Root: vep (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, due to wrath

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

From `√krudh` (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

युद्ध-शौण्डः (yuddha-śauṇḍaḥ) - eager for battle, fond of fighting, fierce in battle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuddha-śauṇḍa

yuddha-śauṇḍa - eager for battle, skilled in fighting, brave in war

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (yuddha+śauṇḍa)

• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from √yudh) used as noun.
  From √yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• śauṇḍa – fond of, addicted to, skilled in, fierce
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to Karna.

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes, scorcher of enemies

Compound. `para` (enemy) + `tapa` (causing pain, heating from √tap).

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (para+tapa)

• para – enemy, other
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – causing pain, heating, afflicting
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From √tap (to heat, to torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Refers to Karna.

प्रतिव्यूह्य (prativyūhya) - having arrayed in opposition, having counter-formed

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of √ūh with prefixes prati- and vi-.

Prefixes: prati+vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: The `y` ending `prativyūhya` is from the suffix `lyap`.

महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly refulgent, mighty, possessing great energy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahā-tejas

mahā-tejas - possessing great energy/splendor, very brilliant, mighty

Bahuvrīhi compound. Nominative singular masculine.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From `mahat`.
• tejas – brilliance, energy, splendor, power
  noun (neuter)
  From `√tij` (to be sharp).
  Root: tij (class 1)

Note: Refers to Karna.

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, duly, according to the rule

(indeclinable)

From `yathā` + `vat` suffix.

Note: Modifies `prativyūhya`.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Dhritarashtra (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound. `bharata` (descendant of Bharata) + `ṛṣabha` (bull, chief).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata (an ancient king), a Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra.