महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-9, verse-54

यं योधयन्तो राजानो नाजयन्वारणावते ।
षण्मासानभिसंरब्धा जिघांसन्तो युधां पतिम् ॥५४॥

54. yaṁ yodhayanto rājāno nājayanvāraṇāvate ,
ṣaṇmāsānabhisaṁrabdhā jighāṁsanto yudhāṁ patim.

54. yam yodhayantaḥ rājānaḥ na ajayan vāraṇāvate |
ṣaṇmāsān abhisaṃrabdhāḥ jighāṃsantaḥ yudhām patim

54. rājānaḥ (kings) yam (whom) vāraṇāvate (in Vāraṇāvata)
yodhayantaḥ (fighting) ṣaṇmāsān (for six months) abhisaṃrabdhāḥ
(very furious) yudhām patim (the lord of battles)
jighāṃsantaḥ (desiring to kill) na ajayan (did not conquer)

54. Kings, who, though fighting him for six months in Vāraṇāvata, furiously eager to kill that lord of battles, were unable to conquer him.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the hero) (whom, which, that)

• योधयन्तः (yodhayantaḥ) - fighting (him) (fighting, causing to fight)

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अजयन् (ajayan) - they could conquer (used with 'na' meaning 'they could not conquer') (they conquered, they won)

• वारणावते (vāraṇāvate) - in Vāraṇāvata

• षण्मासान् (ṣaṇmāsān) - for a duration of six months (six months, for six months)

• अभिसंरब्धाः (abhisaṁrabdhāḥ) - furiously enraged (at him) (very furious, greatly enraged, agitated)

• जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - desiring to kill, intending to slay

• युधाम् (yudhām) - of battles, of fights

• पतिम् (patim) - lord (of battles) (lord, master, husband)

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the hero) (whom, which, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

योधयन्तः (yodhayantaḥ) - fighting (him) (fighting, causing to fight)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yudhayant

yudh - to fight, battle

present active participle (causative)

From root yudh with causative suffix -ay.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Used as a participle modifying 'rājānaḥ'.

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

अजयन् (ajayan) - they could conquer (used with 'na' meaning 'they could not conquer') (they conquered, they won)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ji

Root: ji (class 1)

वारणावते (vāraṇāvate) - in Vāraṇāvata

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vāraṇāvata

vāraṇāvata - Vāraṇāvata (a city/place name in the Mahābhārata)

षण्मासान् (ṣaṇmāsān) - for a duration of six months (six months, for six months)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṣaṇmāsa

ṣaṇmāsa - period of six months

Compound type : dvigu (ṣaṭ+māsa)

• ṣaṭ – six
  numeral adjective
• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)

Note: Accusative indicates duration of time.

अभिसंरब्धाः (abhisaṁrabdhāḥ) - furiously enraged (at him) (very furious, greatly enraged, agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhisaṃrabdha

abhisaṁrabdha - enraged, furious, greatly agitated

past passive participle

From root rabh (to seize, begin) with prefixes abhi- and sam-.

Prefixes: abhi+sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rājānaḥ'.

जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - desiring to kill, intending to slay

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jighāṃsant

han - to strike, kill, destroy

desiderative present active participle

Desiderative stem of root han (to kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'rājānaḥ'.

युधाम् (yudhām) - of battles, of fights

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

पतिम् (patim) - lord (of battles) (lord, master, husband)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner