महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-9, verse-48

ये ते द्वादशवर्षाणि क्रीडामुत्सृज्य बालकाः ।
अस्त्रार्थमवसन्भीष्मे बिभ्रतो व्रतमुत्तमम् ॥४८॥

48. ye te dvādaśavarṣāṇi krīḍāmutsṛjya bālakāḥ ,
astrārthamavasanbhīṣme bibhrato vratamuttamam.

48. ye te dvādaśavarṣāṇi krīḍām utsṛjya bālakāḥ
astrārtham avasan bhīṣme bibhrataḥ vratam uttamam

48. ye te bālakāḥ dvādaśavarṣāṇi krīḍām utsṛjya
uttamam vratam bibhrataḥ bhīṣme astrārtham avasan

48. Those boys who, abandoning play for twelve years and observing an excellent vow (vrata), resided with Bhīṣma for the sake of mastering weaponry...

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• ते (te) - they, those

• द्वादशवर्षाणि (dvādaśavarṣāṇi) - for twelve years

• क्रीडाम् (krīḍām) - play, sport, amusement

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up

• बालकाः (bālakāḥ) - boys, young ones

• अस्त्रार्थम् (astrārtham) - for the sake of weapons/military science

• अवसन् (avasan) - they dwelt, they resided

• भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - with Bhīṣma, in (the abode of) Bhīṣma

• बिभ्रतः (bibhrataḥ) - bearing, maintaining, observing

• व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, highest

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yat

yat - which, that, who, what

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

द्वादशवर्षाणि (dvādaśavarṣāṇi) - for twelve years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dvādaśavarṣa

dvādaśavarṣa - twelve years

Compound type : dvigu (dvādaśa+varṣa)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• varṣa – year, rain, monsoon
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial accusative indicating duration of time

क्रीडाम् (krīḍām) - play, sport, amusement

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of krīḍā

krīḍā - play, sport, game, amusement

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed from prefix 'ut' and root 'sṛj'

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

बालकाः (bālakāḥ) - boys, young ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bālaka

bālaka - boy, child, youth

अस्त्रार्थम् (astrārtham) - for the sake of weapons/military science

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of astrārtha

astrārtha - purpose of weapons, for the sake of missiles or military arts

Compound type : tatpurusha (astra+artha)

• astra – weapon, missile, projectile
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate purpose

अवसन् (avasan) - they dwelt, they resided

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)

भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - with Bhīṣma, in (the abode of) Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

बिभ्रतः (bibhrataḥ) - bearing, maintaining, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhṛ

bhṛ - to bear, to carry, to support, to maintain, to observe

Present Active Participle

Nominative plural masculine of present active participle of root bhṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, religious observance, sacred duty

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme