महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-9, verse-26

आरावं विपुलं कुर्वन्व्यथयन्सर्वकौरवान् ।
यदायान्नकुलो धीमान्के शूराः पर्यवारयन् ॥२६॥

26. ārāvaṁ vipulaṁ kurvanvyathayansarvakauravān ,
yadāyānnakulo dhīmānke śūrāḥ paryavārayan.

26. ārāvam vipulam kurvan vyathayan sarvakauravān
yadā āyāt nakulaḥ dhīmān ke śūrāḥ paryavārayan

26. yadā dhīmān nakulaḥ vipulam ārāvam kurvan sarvakauravān vyathayan āyāt,
ke śūrāḥ paryavārayan

26. When the intelligent Nakula arrived, creating a mighty roar and distressing all the Kauravas, what warriors surrounded him?

Words meanings summery:

• आरावम् (ārāvam) - sound, roar, noise

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast, extensive, great, broad

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - making, doing

• व्यथयन् (vyathayan) - distressing, causing pain, afflicting

• सर्वकौरवान् (sarvakauravān) - all the Kauravas

• यदा (yadā) - when

• आयात् (āyāt) - came, arrived

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula (name of a Pandava)

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

• के (ke) - who (plural nominative)

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, warriors

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded

Words meanings and morphology

आरावम् (ārāvam) - sound, roar, noise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārāva

ārāva - noise, roar, clamor

from ā-√ru (to cry, roar)

Prefix: ā

Root: ru (class 2)

विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast, extensive, great, broad

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - large, wide, extensive, great

Note: Agrees with ārāvam

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - making, doing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurvat

kṛ - to do, make, perform

Present Active Participle

from √kṛ, present stem kur-, added -at suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with Nakulaḥ

व्यथयन् (vyathayan) - distressing, causing pain, afflicting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathayat

vyath - to be agitated, distressed, to pain

Present Active Participle (causative stem)

Causative of √vyath (to totter, tremble) with -at suffix

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Nakulaḥ

सर्वकौरवान् (sarvakauravān) - all the Kauravas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarvakaurava

sarvakaurava - all Kauravas

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+kaurava)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• kaurava – descendant of Kuru, a member of the Kaurava clan
  proper noun (masculine)
  from Kuru + aṇ

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

आयात् (āyāt) - came, arrived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ā-yā

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active of √yā (to go) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula (name of a Pandava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - mongoose; Nakula (one of the Pandava brothers)

धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, thoughtful

from dhī (thought, intelligence) + -mat (possessive suffix)

Note: Agrees with Nakulaḥ

के (ke) - who (plural nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, valiant

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pari-ā-vṛ

Imperfect Active

3rd person plural imperfect active of √vṛ (to choose, cover) with prefixes pari and ā

Prefixes: pari+ā

Root: vṛ (class 9)