महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-9, verse-60

य इमां पृथिवीं कृत्स्नां चर्मवत्समवेष्टयत् ।
महता रथवंशेन मुख्यारिघ्नो महारथः ॥६०॥

60. ya imāṁ pṛthivīṁ kṛtsnāṁ carmavatsamaveṣṭayat ,
mahatā rathavaṁśena mukhyārighno mahārathaḥ.

60. yaḥ imām pṛthivīm kṛtsnām carmavat samaveṣṭayat
mahatā ratha-vaṃśena mukhya-ari-ghnaḥ mahā-rathaḥ

60. yaḥ mukhya-ari-ghnaḥ mahā-rathaḥ mahatā ratha-vaṃśena
imām kṛtsnām pṛthivīm carmavat samaveṣṭayat

60. That chief slayer of enemies (mukhyārighna), that great warrior (mahāratha), who enveloped this entire earth as if it were a hide, with a vast array of chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• इमाम् (imām) - this, this one

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - earth, ground

• कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire, whole, complete

• चर्मवत् (carmavat) - like a hide, like a skin

• समवेष्टयत् (samaveṣṭayat) - he enveloped, he covered, he surrounded

• महता (mahatā) - by great, with great

• रथ-वंशेन (ratha-vaṁśena) - by a line of chariots, with a multitude of chariots

• मुख्य-अरि-घ्नः (mukhya-ari-ghnaḥ) - chief slayer of enemies

• महा-रथः (mahā-rathaḥ) - great warrior, mighty charioteer

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the implied subject of the verse, the great warrior.

इमाम् (imām) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Qualifies 'pṛthivīm'.

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

Note: Object of 'samaveṣṭayat'.

कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire, whole, complete

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - entire, whole, complete, all

Note: Qualifies 'pṛthivīm'.

चर्मवत् (carmavat) - like a hide, like a skin

(indeclinable)

Derived from carman (hide/skin) with the suffix -vat (like, resembling)

समवेष्टयत् (samaveṣṭayat) - he enveloped, he covered, he surrounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-ā-√veṣṭ

Imperfect

Root √veṣṭ (to encompass) with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: veṣṭ (class 10)

महता (mahatā) - by great, with great

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty

Note: Qualifies 'ratha-vaṃśena'.

रथ-वंशेन (ratha-vaṁśena) - by a line of chariots, with a multitude of chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha-vaṃśa

ratha-vaṁśa - line of chariots, multitude of chariots, chariot dynasty

Tatpuruṣa compound: ratha (chariot) + vaṃśa (line, race, multitude)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+vaṃśa)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• vaṃśa – line, race, family, multitude, bamboo
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the means by which the earth was enveloped.

मुख्य-अरि-घ्नः (mukhya-ari-ghnaḥ) - chief slayer of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mukhya-ari-ghna

mukhya-ari-ghna - chief slayer of enemies

Tatpuruṣa compound: mukhya (chief) + ari (enemy) + ghna (slayer)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mukhya+ari+ghna)

• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective
• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – slaying, destroying, killer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root √han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: An epithet for the warrior being described.

महा-रथः (mahā-rathaḥ) - great warrior, mighty charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahā-ratha

mahā-ratha - great warrior, mighty charioteer, chief warrior

Karma-dhāraya compound: mahā (great) + ratha (chariot/warrior)

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (often used to mean 'warrior on a chariot')
  noun (masculine)

Note: An epithet for the warrior being described.