महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-9, verse-12

तरसैवाभिपत्याथ यो वै द्रोणमुपाद्रवत् ।
तं भीमसेनमायान्तं के शूराः पर्यवारयन् ॥१२॥

12. tarasaivābhipatyātha yo vai droṇamupādravat ,
taṁ bhīmasenamāyāntaṁ ke śūrāḥ paryavārayan.

12. tarasā eva abhipatya atha yaḥ vai droṇam upādravat
tam bhīmasenam āyāntam ke śūrāḥ paryavārayan

12. atha yaḥ vai tarasā eva abhipatya droṇam upādravat
tam āyāntam bhīmasenam ke śūrāḥ paryavārayan

12. Which heroes surrounded Bhimasena as he advanced, he who had swiftly attacked Drona?

Words meanings summery:

• तरसा (tarasā) - with force, swiftly, quickly

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अभिपत्य (abhipatya) - having attacked, having fallen upon, having assailed

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• यः (yaḥ) - who (relative pronoun)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (a proper noun)

• उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - rushed towards, attacked, assailed

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena (a proper noun)

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

• के (ke) - who

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded, protected

Words meanings and morphology

तरसा (tarasā) - with force, swiftly, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of taras

taras - force, speed, impetuosity

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अभिपत्य (abhipatya) - having attacked, having fallen upon, having assailed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root pat (to fall, rush) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily

(indeclinable)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (a proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a character in the Mahabharata, a revered teacher of archery)

उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - rushed towards, attacked, assailed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upa-ā-dru

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dru (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena (a proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (one of the Pandava brothers)

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

yā - to go, come

Present Active Participle

From root yā (to go) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

के (ke) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave man, warrior

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded, protected

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pari-ava-vṛ

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 9)