महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-9, verse-40

योऽवधीत्केतुमाञ्शूरो राजपुत्रं सुदर्शनम् ।
अपरान्तगिरिद्वारे कस्तं द्रोणादवारयत् ॥४०॥

40. yo'vadhītketumāñśūro rājaputraṁ sudarśanam ,
aparāntagiridvāre kastaṁ droṇādavārayat.

40. yaḥ avadhīt ketumān śūraḥ rājaputram sudarśanam
aparāntagiridvāre kaḥ tam droṇāt avārayat

40. kaḥ tam śūraḥ ketumān,
yaḥ aparāntagiridvāre rājaputram sudarśanam avadhīt,
droṇāt avārayat?

40. Who prevented that heroic Ketumān, who had killed Prince Sudarśana at the gate of the Aparānta Mountains, from (attacking) Droṇa?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - had killed (he killed, he struck down)

• केतुमान् (ketumān) - Ketumān (Ketumān (proper name), possessing banners)

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic (hero, brave)

• राजपुत्रम् (rājaputram) - Prince (prince, king's son)

• सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - Sudarśana (Sudarśana (proper name), handsome, beautiful)

• अपरान्तगिरिद्वारे (aparāntagiridvāre) - at the gate of the Aparānta Mountains (at the gate of the Western Mountains)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who (singular))

• तम् (tam) - him (Ketumān) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Droṇa (i.e., from attacking Droṇa) (from Droṇa)

• अवारयत् (avārayat) - he prevented (he checked, he prevented, he warded off)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - had killed (he killed, he struck down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of vadh

Aorist

Aorist 3rd singular active. Root is actually han (class 2) that takes vadh as substitute in some forms, esp. aorist.

Root: vadh (class 1)

केतुमान् (ketumān) - Ketumān (Ketumān (proper name), possessing banners)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ketumat

ketumat - possessing banners, glorious; name of a prince

From ketu + matup suffix

शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic (hero, brave)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valiant

Root: śūr (class 1)

राजपुत्रम् (rājaputram) - Prince (prince, king's son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājaputra

rājaputra - king's son, prince

Compound type : Tatpurusha (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - Sudarśana (Sudarśana (proper name), handsome, beautiful)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sudarśana

sudarśana - Sudarśana (proper name), handsome, beautiful

अपरान्तगिरिद्वारे (aparāntagiridvāre) - at the gate of the Aparānta Mountains (at the gate of the Western Mountains)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of aparāntagiridvāra

aparāntagiridvāra - gate of the Aparānta mountains (a geographical region in the west)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (aparānta+giri+dvāra)

• aparānta – western end, a country in the west of India
  proper noun (masculine)
• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• dvāra – door, gate, entrance
  noun (neuter)

कः (kaḥ) - who (who (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

तम् (tam) - him (Ketumān) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Droṇa (i.e., from attacking Droṇa) (from Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name)

अवारयत् (avārayat) - he prevented (he checked, he prevented, he warded off)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avārayat

Imperfect

From ava-√vṛ (to cover, surround, restrain), causative (vārayati). Imperfect 3rd singular active.

Prefix: ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)