महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-9, verse-39

एकोऽपसृत्य चेदिभ्यः पाण्डवान्यः समाश्रितः ।
धृष्टकेतुं तमायान्तं द्रोणात्कः समवारयत् ॥३९॥

39. eko'pasṛtya cedibhyaḥ pāṇḍavānyaḥ samāśritaḥ ,
dhṛṣṭaketuṁ tamāyāntaṁ droṇātkaḥ samavārayat.

39. ekaḥ apasṛtya cedibhyaḥ pāṇḍavān yaḥ samāśritaḥ
dhṛṣṭaketum tam āyāntam droṇāt kaḥ samavārayat

39. kaḥ dhṛṣṭaketum tam āyāntam,
yaḥ ekaḥ cedibhyaḥ apasṛtya pāṇḍavān samāśritaḥ,
droṇāt samavārayat?

39. Who prevented that Dhṛṣṭaketu, who, having retreated from the Chedis, had taken refuge with the Pāṇḍavas, from approaching Droṇa?

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - a certain one (referring to Dhṛṣṭaketu) (one, a certain one)

• अपसृत्य (apasṛtya) - having retreated (having retreated, having moved away)

• चेदिभ्यः (cedibhyaḥ) - from the Chedis (people/kingdom) (from the Chedis)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• समाश्रितः (samāśritaḥ) - had taken refuge with (resorted to, taken refuge with, depended on)

• धृष्टकेतुम् (dhṛṣṭaketum) - Dhṛṣṭaketu (Dhṛṣṭaketu (proper name))

• तम् (tam) - him (Dhṛṣṭaketu) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (Droṇa) (coming, approaching)

• द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Droṇa (prevented from reaching/attacking Droṇa) (from Droṇa)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who (singular))

• समवारयत् (samavārayat) - he prevented (he checked, he prevented, he warded off)

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - a certain one (referring to Dhṛṣṭaketu) (one, a certain one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique, a certain

अपसृत्य (apasṛtya) - having retreated (having retreated, having moved away)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From apa-√sṛ

Prefix: apa

Root: sṛ (class 1)

चेदिभ्यः (cedibhyaḥ) - from the Chedis (people/kingdom) (from the Chedis)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of cedi

cedi - name of a country and its people

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

समाश्रितः (samāśritaḥ) - had taken refuge with (resorted to, taken refuge with, depended on)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāśrita

samāśrita - resorted to, taken refuge with, dependent on

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ā-√śri

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

धृष्टकेतुम् (dhṛṣṭaketum) - Dhṛṣṭaketu (Dhṛṣṭaketu (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭaketu

dhṛṣṭaketu - name of a king, son of Śiśupāla, ally of the Pāṇḍavas

तम् (tam) - him (Dhṛṣṭaketu) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (Droṇa) (coming, approaching)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching

Present Active Participle

From ā-√yā (to come, approach)

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Droṇa (prevented from reaching/attacking Droṇa) (from Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name)

कः (kaḥ) - who (who (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

समवारयत् (samavārayat) - he prevented (he checked, he prevented, he warded off)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samavārayat

Imperfect

From sam-ava-√vṛ (to cover, surround, restrain), causative (vārayati). Imperfect 3rd singular active.

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)