महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-171, verse-59

ततस्ते विव्यधुः सर्वे द्रौणिं राजन्महारथाः ।
युगपच्च पृथक्चैव रुक्मपुङ्खैः शिलाशितैः ॥५९॥

59. tataste vivyadhuḥ sarve drauṇiṁ rājanmahārathāḥ ,
yugapacca pṛthakcaiva rukmapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ.

59. tataḥ te vivyadhuḥ sarve drauṇim rājan mahārathāḥ
yugapat ca pṛthak ca eva rukmapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ

59. tataḥ rājan,
te sarve mahārathāḥ drauṇim yugapat ca pṛthak ca eva rukmapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ vivyadhuḥ

59. Then, O king, all those great charioteers simultaneously and separately pierced Drauṇi with gold-feathered arrows sharpened on stone.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• ते (te) - those (charioteers) (they, those)

• विव्यधुः (vivyadhuḥ) - pierced (they pierced, they wounded)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (the charioteers) (all, whole)

• द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā) (Drauṇi, son of Droṇa)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhritarashtra) (O king)

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers (great charioteers, great warriors)

• युगपत् (yugapat) - simultaneously (simultaneously, at once)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately (separately, individually, apart)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - too (emphasizing both simultaneously and separately) (indeed, certainly, only)

• रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with gold-feathered arrows (with gold-feathered (arrows))

• शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - with arrows sharpened on stone (with stone-sharpened (arrows))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (charioteers) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the collective group of warriors.

विव्यधुः (vivyadhuḥ) - pierced (they pierced, they wounded)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vyadh

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (the charioteers) (all, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā) (Drauṇi, son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa

Patronymic from Droṇa

Note: Object of 'vivyadhuḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhritarashtra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: A direct address, typical in narrations like the Mahabharata.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers (great charioteers, great warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a great charioteer (one capable of fighting 10,000 warriors)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (in a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'vivyadhuḥ'.

युगपत् (yugapat) - simultaneously (simultaneously, at once)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately (separately, individually, apart)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - too (emphasizing both simultaneously and separately) (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with gold-feathered arrows (with gold-feathered (arrows))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rukmapuṅkha

rukmapuṅkha - having golden feathers/tail (of an arrow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+puṅkha)

• rukma – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – feather, tail (of an arrow)
  noun (masculine)

शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - with arrows sharpened on stone (with stone-sharpened (arrows))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śilāśita

śilāśita - sharpened on a stone, stone-sharpened

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śilā+śita)

• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
• śita – sharpened, whetted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śo (to sharpen)
  Root: śo (class 4)