महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-171, verse-35

अभिद्रुत्य च विंशत्या क्षुद्रकाणां नरर्षभः ।
पञ्चभिश्चातिवेगेन विव्याध पुरुषर्षभम् ॥३५॥

35. abhidrutya ca viṁśatyā kṣudrakāṇāṁ nararṣabhaḥ ,
pañcabhiścātivegena vivyādha puruṣarṣabham.

35. abhidrutya ca viṃśatyā kṣudrakāṇām nararṣabhaḥ
| pañcabhiḥ ca ativegena vivyādha puruṣarṣabham

35. ca abhidrutya,
nararṣabhaḥ (Ashvatthama) viṃśatyā kṣudrakāṇām (śaraiḥ),
ca pañcabhiḥ ativegena puruṣarṣabham (Dhṛṣṭadyumnam) vivyādha

35. And having rushed forward, that best of men (Ashvatthama) struck the other best of men (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) with twenty sharp arrows and with five (more) at exceeding speed.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिद्रुत्य (abhidrutya) - having rushed towards, having attacked

• च (ca) - and, also

• विंशत्या (viṁśatyā) - with twenty

• क्षुद्रकाणाम् (kṣudrakāṇām) - Of small arrows (implied, 'śaraiḥ' is often omitted with numbers). (of small ones, of insignificant ones)

• नरर्षभः (nararṣabhaḥ) - Ashvatthama. (bull among men, best among men)

• पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - With five (arrows, implied). (with five, by five)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अतिवेगेन (ativegena) - with great speed, very swiftly

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

• पुरुषर्षभम् (puruṣarṣabham) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (bull among men, best among men)

Words meanings and morphology

अभिद्रुत्य (abhidrutya) - having rushed towards, having attacked

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed with prefix 'abhi' and root 'dru'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Connects with the action of the previous verse.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

विंशत्या (viṁśatyā) - with twenty

(numeral)

Note: Instrumental case indicating 'by means of twenty'.

क्षुद्रकाणाम् (kṣudrakāṇām) - Of small arrows (implied, 'śaraiḥ' is often omitted with numbers). (of small ones, of insignificant ones)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kṣudraka

kṣudraka - small, tiny, insignificant, a type of arrow

Note: Genitive plural. It specifies the type of arrows used with 'viṃśatyā'.

नरर्षभः (nararṣabhaḥ) - Ashvatthama. (bull among men, best among men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - bull among men, best among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence (Ashvatthama).

पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - With five (arrows, implied). (with five, by five)

(numeral)

Note: Instrumental plural, implies 'five arrows'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अतिवेगेन (ativegena) - with great speed, very swiftly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ativega

ativega - great speed, extreme velocity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+vega)

• ati – beyond, excessive, very
  indeclinable
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental case indicating 'with (great) speed'.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vyadh

perfect active

Root 'vyadh' (4th class, but here perfect form), perfect active 3rd person singular. Reduplicated form.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पुरुषर्षभम् (puruṣarṣabham) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (bull among men, best among men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, best among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'vivyādha' (Dhṛṣṭadyumna).