महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-171, verse-46

अष्टभिर्निशितैश्चैव सोऽश्वत्थामानमार्दयत् ।
विंशत्या पुनराहत्य नानारूपैरमर्षणम् ।
विव्याध च तथा सूतं चतुर्भिश्चतुरो हयान् ॥४६॥

46. aṣṭabhirniśitaiścaiva so'śvatthāmānamārdayat ,
viṁśatyā punarāhatya nānārūpairamarṣaṇam ,
vivyādha ca tathā sūtaṁ caturbhiścaturo hayān.

46. aṣṭabhiḥ niśitaiḥ ca eva saḥ
aśvatthāmānam ārdayat viṃśatyā punaḥ āhatya
nānārūpaiḥ amarṣaṇam vivyādha ca
tathā sūtam caturbhiḥ caturaḥ hayān

46. saḥ niśitaiḥ aṣṭabhiḥ ca eva aśvatthāmānam
ārdayat punaḥ nānārūpaiḥ viṃśatyā
amarṣaṇam āhatya ca vivyādha
tathā caturbhiḥ sūtam ca caturaḥ hayān

46. With eight sharp arrows, he tormented Ashwatthama. Then, striking the impatient one (Ashwatthama) again with twenty arrows of various forms, he pierced him. Similarly, he pierced the charioteer and four horses with four (other arrows).

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टभिः (aṣṭabhiḥ) - by eight (arrows) (by eight)

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp (arrows) (by sharp, by whetted)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

• सः (saḥ) - he (Sahadeva, from context of Mahabharata) (he, that)

• अश्वत्थामानम् (aśvatthāmānam) - Ashwatthama

• आर्दयत् (ārdayat) - tormented, afflicted, pained

• विंशत्या (viṁśatyā) - by twenty (arrows) (by twenty)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, moreover

• आहत्य (āhatya) - having struck, having hit

• नानारूपैः (nānārūpaiḥ) - with arrows of various forms (by various forms, of manifold kinds)

• अमर्षणम् (amarṣaṇam) - the impatient one (Ashwatthama) (the impatient one, the intolerant one)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck, wounded

• च (ca) - and

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

• सूतम् (sūtam) - the charioteer (charioteer, son)

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four (arrows) (by four)

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four (horses) (four)

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टभिः (aṣṭabhiḥ) - by eight (arrows) (by eight)

(numeral)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp (arrows) (by sharp, by whetted)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śo' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (Sahadeva, from context of Mahabharata) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अश्वत्थामानम् (aśvatthāmānam) - Ashwatthama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāmā

aśvatthāmā - Ashwatthama (son of Drona)

आर्दयत् (ārdayat) - tormented, afflicted, pained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ard

Prefix: ā

Root: ard (class 10)

विंशत्या (viṁśatyā) - by twenty (arrows) (by twenty)

(numeral)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, moreover

(indeclinable)

आहत्य (āhatya) - having struck, having hit

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'han' (to strike) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

नानारूपैः (nānārūpaiḥ) - with arrows of various forms (by various forms, of manifold kinds)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nānārūpa

nānārūpa - of various forms, manifold, diversified

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nānā+rūpa)

• nānā – various, manifold
  indeclinable
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with implied 'arrows'.

अमर्षणम् (amarṣaṇam) - the impatient one (Ashwatthama) (the impatient one, the intolerant one)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amarṣaṇa

amarṣaṇa - impatient, intolerant, unable to bear

From 'a' (negation) + 'marṣaṇa' (patient)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+marṣaṇa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• marṣaṇa – patient, enduring
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective from root
  From root mṛṣ (to bear, endure)
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck, wounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

(indeclinable)

सूतम् (sūtam) - the charioteer (charioteer, son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, son (of a kṣatriya father and brāhmaṇa mother)

From root sū (to generate, impel)

Root: sū (class 2)

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four (arrows) (by four)

(numeral)

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four (horses) (four)

(numeral)

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Root: hi (class 5)