महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-171, verse-23

हतशेषं बलं तत्र पाण्डवानामतिष्ठत ।
अस्त्रव्युपरमाद्धृष्टं तव पुत्रजिघांसया ॥२३॥

23. hataśeṣaṁ balaṁ tatra pāṇḍavānāmatiṣṭhata ,
astravyuparamāddhṛṣṭaṁ tava putrajighāṁsayā.

23. hataśeṣam balam tatra pāṇḍavānām atiṣṭhata
astravyuparamāt dhṛṣṭam tava putrajighāṃsayā

23. tatra astravyuparamāt dhṛṣṭam tava putrajighāṃsayā pāṇḍavānām hataśeṣam balam atiṣṭhata.

23. There, the remaining army of the Pāṇḍavas stood, defiant due to the cessation of the weapon, with the intent to kill your sons.

Words meanings summery:

• हतशेषम् (hataśeṣam) - the surviving portion of the army (the remainder of the killed, what is left after being killed)

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• अतिष्ठत (atiṣṭhata) - stood, remained, existed

• अस्त्रव्युपरमात् (astravyuparamāt) - due to the cessation of the weapon

• धृष्टम् (dhṛṣṭam) - bold, defiant, arrogant

• तव (tava) - your (singular)

• पुत्रजिघांसया (putrajighāṁsayā) - with the intent to kill your sons (the Kauravas) (with the desire to kill sons)

Words meanings and morphology

हतशेषम् (hataśeṣam) - the surviving portion of the army (the remainder of the killed, what is left after being killed)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hataśeṣa

hataśeṣa - remainder of the killed, surviving

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hata+śeṣa)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• śeṣa – remainder, residue, what is left
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'śiṣ' (to leave, remain).
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: It functions as an adjective modifying 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops

Note: Subject of the verb 'atiṣṭhata'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Locative suffix -tra added to the pronominal stem 'tad'.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, belonging to Pāṇḍu (the five Pāṇḍava brothers)

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of the father of the five Pāṇḍavas).

Note: Possessive form, 'of the Pāṇḍavas' army.

अतिष्ठत (atiṣṭhata) - stood, remained, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect tense (laṅ) 3rd person singular active of root sthā (class 1), with augment 'a-'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

अस्त्रव्युपरमात् (astravyuparamāt) - due to the cessation of the weapon

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of astravyuparama

astravyuparama - cessation of weapons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra+vyuparama)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
• vyuparama – cessation, desisting, stopping
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ram' (to rest, sport) with prefixes 'vi' and 'upa'.
  Prefixes: vi+upa
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Indicates cause or reason.

धृष्टम् (dhṛṣṭam) - bold, defiant, arrogant

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhṛṣṭa

dhṛṣṭa - bold, confident, arrogant, defiant, impudent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dhṛṣ' (to dare, be bold).

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Adjective modifying 'balam'.

तव (tava) - your (singular)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular and plural)

Note: Possessive form, referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

पुत्रजिघांसया (putrajighāṁsayā) - with the intent to kill your sons (the Kauravas) (with the desire to kill sons)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of putrajighāṃsā

putrajighāṁsā - desire to kill sons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+jighāṃsā)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• jighāṃsā – desire to kill, intent to strike
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  Derived from the desiderative stem of root 'han' (to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Indicates the means or purpose.