महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-171, verse-32

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
तस्मिन्नस्त्रे प्रतिहते द्रोणे चोपधिना हते ।
तथा दुर्योधनेनोक्तो द्रौणिः किमकरोत्पुनः ॥३२॥

32. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
tasminnastre pratihate droṇe copadhinā hate ,
tathā duryodhanenokto drauṇiḥ kimakarotpunaḥ.

32. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca tasmin astre pratihate droṇe ca upadhinā
hate tathā duryodhanena uktaḥ drauṇiḥ kim akarot punaḥ

32. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca tasmin astre pratihate ca droṇe upadhinā
hate tathā duryodhanena uktaḥ drauṇiḥ punaḥ kim akarot

32. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: "When that weapon was repelled and Droṇa had been killed by deceit, and Drauṇi (Ashwatthama) had thus been addressed by Duryodhana, what did he do then?"

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The blind king, father of the Kauravas (Dhritarashtra)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (weapon) (in that, on that)

• अस्त्रे (astre) - when the weapon (was repelled) (in the weapon, on the weapon)

• प्रतिहते (pratihate) - when it (the weapon) was repelled (having been repelled, obstructed, struck back)

• द्रोणे (droṇe) - when Drona (was killed) (in Drona, to Drona, when Drona)

• च (ca) - and, also

• उपधिना (upadhinā) - by deceit, by trickery

• हते (hate) - when he (Drona) was killed (having been killed, slain)

• तथा (tathā) - then, in that manner (so, thus, similarly)

• दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (by Duryodhana) (spoken, said, addressed)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Ashwatthama (son of Drona)

• किम् (kim) - what (did he do) (what, why)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - did he do (did, made)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - then, next (again, further, then)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The blind king, father of the Kauravas (Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (weapon) (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Used here in an absolute locative construction, meaning 'when that...'.

अस्त्रे (astre) - when the weapon (was repelled) (in the weapon, on the weapon)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

प्रतिहते (pratihate) - when it (the weapon) was repelled (having been repelled, obstructed, struck back)

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of pratihata

pratihata - repelled, obstructed, struck back

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, kill) with upasarga 'prati'

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction, agreeing with 'astre'.

द्रोणे (droṇe) - when Drona (was killed) (in Drona, to Drona, when Drona)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उपधिना (upadhinā) - by deceit, by trickery

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upadhi

upadhi - deceit, trickery, fraud

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Describes the means by which Drona was killed.

हते (hate) - when he (Drona) was killed (having been killed, slain)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, kill) with kta suffix

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction, agreeing with 'droṇe'.

तथा (tathā) - then, in that manner (so, thus, similarly)

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

Note: Agent of the participle 'uktaḥ'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (by Duryodhana) (spoken, said, addressed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak) with kta suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'drauṇiḥ'.

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Ashwatthama (son of Drona)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona

Patronymic from 'droṇa'

Note: Subject of 'kim akarot'.

किम् (kim) - what (did he do) (what, why)

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Direct object of 'akarot'.

अकरोत् (akarot) - did he do (did, made)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पुनः (punaḥ) - then, next (again, further, then)

(indeclinable)