महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-171, verse-30

दुर्योधन उवाच ।
आचार्यपुत्र यद्येतद्द्विरस्त्रं न प्रयुज्यते ।
अन्यैर्गुरुघ्ना वध्यन्तामस्त्रैरस्त्रविदां वर ॥३०॥

30. duryodhana uvāca ,
ācāryaputra yadyetaddvirastraṁ na prayujyate ,
anyairgurughnā vadhyantāmastrairastravidāṁ vara.

30. duryodhanaḥ uvāca ācāryaputra yadi etat dvi-astram na prayujyate
anyaiḥ guru-ghnāḥ vadhyantām astraiḥ astra-vidām vara

30. duryodhanaḥ uvāca ācāryaputra astra-vidām vara yadi etat
dvi-astram na prayujyate guru-ghnāḥ anyaiḥ astraiḥ vadhyantām

30. Duryodhana said: "O son of the teacher (Ācāryaputra), best among those who know weapons, if this supreme weapon is not to be employed, then let the killers of the guru be slain by other weapons!"

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - The eldest Kaurava prince (Duryodhana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आचार्यपुत्र (ācāryaputra) - Ashwatthama, son of Drona (son of the teacher)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• एतत् (etat) - referring to the supreme weapon (this, this one)

• द्वि-अस्त्रम् (dvi-astram) - The Brahmashirsha weapon possessed by Ashwatthama, or a generally very powerful weapon. (two-fold weapon, supreme weapon)

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रयुज्यते (prayujyate) - is used, is employed

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, by other means

• गुरु-घ्नाः (guru-ghnāḥ) - The Pandavas and their allies, who were responsible for Drona's death. (killers of the teacher)

• वध्यन्ताम् (vadhyantām) - let them be slain, let them be killed

• अस्त्रैः (astraiḥ) - by weapons

• अस्त्र-विदाम् (astra-vidām) - of those who know weapons

• वर (vara) - vocative, referring to Ashwatthama as the best among weapon-knowers. (best, excellent)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - The eldest Kaurava prince (Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

आचार्यपुत्र (ācāryaputra) - Ashwatthama, son of Drona (son of the teacher)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ācāryaputra

ācāryaputra - son of the teacher

Compound type : tatpurusha (ācārya+putra)

• ācārya – teacher, preceptor
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - referring to the supreme weapon (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

द्वि-अस्त्रम् (dvi-astram) - The Brahmashirsha weapon possessed by Ashwatthama, or a generally very powerful weapon. (two-fold weapon, supreme weapon)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvi-astra

dvi-astra - two-fold weapon, supreme weapon

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+astra)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रयुज्यते (prayujyate) - is used, is employed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of yuj

Present Middle

3rd person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: The form is passive.

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, by other means

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different

Note: Refers to other warriors or other types of weapons.

गुरु-घ्नाः (guru-ghnāḥ) - The Pandavas and their allies, who were responsible for Drona's death. (killers of the teacher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guru-ghna

guru-ghna - slayer of the teacher

Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+ghna)

• guru – teacher, preceptor
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  kṛt affix 'ghna'
  From root 'han' (to strike, kill), with suffix 'ghna' which means 'killer' when preceded by a noun
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: This is the subject of the passive verb 'vadhyantām'.

वध्यन्ताम् (vadhyantām) - let them be slain, let them be killed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vadh

Imperative Passive

3rd person plural

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: The form is passive.

अस्त्रैः (astraiḥ) - by weapons

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of astra

astra - weapon, missile

Root: as (class 4)

अस्त्र-विदाम् (astra-vidām) - of those who know weapons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of astra-vid

astra-vid - knower of weapons

From 'vid' (to know) and 'astra' (weapon)

Compound type : tatpurusha (astra+vid)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)
• vid – one who knows, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

वर (vara) - vocative, referring to Ashwatthama as the best among weapon-knowers. (best, excellent)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, boon, choice

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: This word agrees with ācāryaputra implicitly.