महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-54, verse-56

तांश्चालमिति मन्यन्ते सव्यसाचिवधे विभो ।
पार्थिवाः स भवान्राजन्नकस्माद्व्यथते कथम् ॥५६॥

56. tāṁścālamiti manyante savyasācivadhe vibho ,
pārthivāḥ sa bhavānrājannakasmādvyathate katham.

56. tān ca alam iti manyante savyasācivadhe vibho
pārthivāḥ sa bhavān rājan akasmāt vyathate katham

56. And, O powerful lord, these kings consider themselves capable concerning the slaying of Savyasachin (Arjuna). Therefore, O King, why are you suddenly distressed without cause?

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those warriors (from previous verse) (those)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अलम् (alam) - capable, skilled (in killing Savyasachin) (enough, sufficient, capable)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

• मन्यन्ते (manyante) - they think, they consider

• सव्यसाचिवधे (savyasācivadhe) - in the killing of Savyasachin (Arjuna)

• विभो (vibho) - O Dhritarashtra (O lord, O powerful one)

• पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - the kings/warriors on Duryodhana's side (kings, princes, earthly rulers)

• स (sa) - that, he

• भवान् (bhavān) - O Dhritarashtra (your highness, you (respectful))

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra (O king)

• अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - suddenly, without cause, unexpectedly

• व्यथते (vyathate) - is distressed, is troubled, is afraid

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those warriors (from previous verse) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Object of implied verb 'consider' (as in 'consider *them* capable').

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अलम् (alam) - capable, skilled (in killing Savyasachin) (enough, sufficient, capable)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

(indeclinable)

मन्यन्ते (manyante) - they think, they consider

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of man

present middle

Root: man (मन्) (class 4)

Note: Subject is `pārthivāḥ`.

सव्यसाचिवधे (savyasācivadhe) - in the killing of Savyasachin (Arjuna)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of savyasācivadha

savyasācivadha - killing of Savyasachin

Compound type : tatpurusha (savyasācin+vadha)

• savyasācin – Savyasachin (one who can shoot with both hands); a name of Arjuna
  proper noun (masculine)
• vadha – killing, slaying, striking
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vadh/han
  Derived from root han (हन्) which becomes vadh in some forms
  Root: han (हन्) (class 2)

Note: Locative of purpose or context.

विभो (vibho) - O Dhritarashtra (O lord, O powerful one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - almighty, powerful, lord, ruler, omnipresent

पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - the kings/warriors on Duryodhana's side (kings, princes, earthly rulers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, relating to earth; king, prince, ruler

Derived from `pṛthivī` (earth).

Note: Subject of `manyante`.

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra (`bhavān`).

भवान् (bhavān) - O Dhritarashtra (your highness, you (respectful))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your highness, you, respected sir (honorific second person pronoun)

From root `bhū`. Present participle of `bhū`.

Root: bhū (भू) (class 1)

Note: Subject of `vyathate`.

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - suddenly, without cause, unexpectedly

(indeclinable)

Formed from `a` (not) + `kasmat` (why, from what cause)

व्यथते (vyathate) - is distressed, is troubled, is afraid

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vyath

present middle

Root: vyath (व्यथ्) (class 1)

Note: Subject is `bhavān`.

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)